Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-c47g7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-16T17:28:15.559Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Where in the World Are the Workers? Cultural Underrepresentation in I-O Research

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 March 2016

Christopher G. Myers*
Affiliation:
Organizational Behavior Unit, Harvard Business School
*
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Christopher G. Myers, Harvard Business School, 312 Morgan Hall, Soldiers Field, Boston, MA 02163. E-mail: cmyers@hbs.edu

Extract

Few would dispute that the nature of work, and the workers who perform it, has evolved considerably in the 70 years since the founding of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) as the American Psychological Association's (APA's) Division 14, focused on industrial, business, and organizational psychology. Yet, in many ways the populations sampled in industrial–organizational (I-O) psychology research have failed to keep pace with this evolution. Bergman and Jean (2016) highlight how I-O research samples underrepresent (relative to the labor market) low- or medium-skill workers, wage earners, and temporary workers, resulting in a body of science that is overly focused on salaried, professional managers and executives. Though these discrepancies in the nature of individuals’ work and employment are certainly present and problematic in organizational research, one issue that should not be overlooked is that of adequately representing nationality and culture in I-O research samples.

Type
Commentaries
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bergman, M. E., & Jean, V. A. (2016). Where have all the “workers” gone? A critical analysis of the unrepresentativeness of our samples relative to the labor market in the industrial–organizational psychology literature. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 9, 84113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buhrmester, M., Kwang, T., & Gosling, S. D. (2011). Amazon's Mechanical Turk: A new source of inexpensive, yet high-quality, data? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6 (1), 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/41613414 Google Scholar
Chen, Y. F., & Tjosvold, D. (2006). Participative leadership by American and Chinese managers in China: The role of relationships. Journal of Management Studies, 43 (8), 17271752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2006.00657.x Google Scholar
Firth, B. M., Chen, G., Kirkman, B. L., & Kim, K. (2014). Newcomers abroad: Expatriate adaptation during early phases of international assignments. Academy of Management Journal, 57 (1), 280300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.0574 Google Scholar
Fu, P. P., Tsui, A. S., Liu, J., & Li, L. (2010). Pursuit of whose happiness? Executive leaders’ transformational behaviors and personal values. Administrative Science Quarterly, 55 (2), 222254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gelfand, M. J., Erez, M., & Aycan, Z. (2007). Cross-cultural organizational behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58 (1), 479514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085559 Google Scholar
Gerstner, C. R., & Day, D. V. (1994). Cross-cultural comparison of leadership prototypes. The Leadership Quarterly, 5 (2), 121134.Google Scholar
Henrich, J., Heine, S. J., & Norenzayan, A. (2010). The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33 (2/3), 6183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0999152X Google Scholar
International Labour Organization. (2010). Occupational injury statistics (2008) [Data set]. Retrieved from http://laborsta.ilo.org/ Google Scholar
Jung, D. I., & Avolio, B. J. (1999). Effects of leadership style and followers’ cultural orientation on performance in group and individual task conditions. Academy of Management Journal, 42 (2), 208218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/257093 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kopelman, S., Hardin, A. E., Myers, C. G., & Tost, L. P. (2016). Cooperation in multicultural negotiations: How the cultures of people with low and high power interact. Journal of Applied Psychology. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/apl0000065 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Landers, R. N., & Behrend, T. S. (2015). An inconvenient truth: Arbitrary distinctions between organizational, Mechanical Turk, and other convenience samples. Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Perspectives on Science and Practice, 8 (2), 142164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/iop.2015.13 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Molinsky, A. L. (2013). The psychological processes of cultural retooling. Academy of Management Journal, 56 (3), 683710. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0492 Google Scholar
Neeley, T. B. (2013). Language matters: Status loss and achieved status distinctions in global organizations. Organization Science, 24 (2), 476497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1120.0739 Google Scholar
Neeley, T., & Dumas, T. L. (2015). Unearned status gain: Evidence from a global language mandate. Academy of Management Journal. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amj.2014.0535 Google Scholar
Pew Research Center. (2015). Internet seen as positive influence on education but negative on morality in emerging and developing nations. Retrieved from http://www.pewglobal.org/2015/03/19/1-communications-technology-in-emerging-and-developing-nations/ Google Scholar
Reiche, B. S., Cardona, P., Lee, Y.-T., Canela, M. Á., Akinnukawe, E., Briscoe, J. P., . . . Wilkinson, H. (2014). Why do managers engage in trustworthy behavior? A multilevel cross-cultural study in 18 countries. Personnel Psychology, 67 (1), 6198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/peps.12038 Google Scholar
Segall, M. H., Campbell, D. T., & Herskovits, M. J. (1966). The influence of culture on visual perception. Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill.Google Scholar
Society for Human Resource Management. (2015). Global trends impacting the future of HR management: Engaging and integrating a global workforce. New York, NY: The Economist Intelligence Unit. Retrieved from https://www.shrm.org/about/foundation/ShapingtheFuture/Documents/3-15%20EIU%20Theme%202%20report-FINAL.pdf Google Scholar
Spector, P. E., Liu, C., & Sanchez, J. I. (2015). Methodological and substantive issues in conducting multinational and cross-cultural research. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 2 (1), 101131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111310 Google Scholar