This book is the second in the series of cultural heritage studies initiated by the University Press of Florida with Paul Shackel of the University of Maryland as the series editor. The series explores the uses of heritage and the meaning of its cultural forms as a way to interpret the present and the past. The first title in the series is Heritage of Value, Archaeology of Renown: Reshaping Archaeological Assessment and Significance (2005). Archaeology, Cultural Heritage, and the Antiquities Trade enumerates the ways that commodifying artifacts fuels the destruction of archaeological heritage and considers what can be done to protect it. The title of the book is apt. Archaeology is the bedrock of material cultural heritage, and it is illegal archaeology by looters or subsistence diggers that fuels the burgeoning trade in illicitly excavated artifacts.