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A History of Pigs in China: From Curious Omnivores to Industrial Pork

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 July 2020

Brian Lander Open the ORCID record for Brian Lander [Opens in a new window] ,
Mindi Schneider Open the ORCID record for Mindi Schneider [Opens in a new window]  and
Katherine Brunson Open the ORCID record for Katherine Brunson [Opens in a new window]
Brian Lander
Affiliation:
Brian Lander (brian_lander@brown.edu) is Assistant Professor of History & Environment and Society at Brown University.
Mindi Schneider
Affiliation:
Mindi Schneider (mindi.schneider@wur.nl) is Assistant Professor of Sociology of Development and Change at Wageningen University, the Netherlands.
Katherine Brunson
Affiliation:
Katherine Brunson (kbrunson@wesleyan.edu) is Assistant Professor of Archaeology at Wesleyan University.
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Abstract

Pigs have played a central role in the subsistence and culture of China for millennia. The close relationship between pigs and people began when humans gradually domesticated wild pigs over 8,000 years ago. While pigs initially foraged around settlements, population growth led people to pen their pigs, which made them household trash processors and fertilizer producers. Household pigs were in daily contact with people, who bred them to fatten quickly and produce larger litters. Early modern Europeans found Chinese pigs far superior to their own and bred the two to create the breeds now employed in industrial pork production around the world, including China. In recent decades, industrial farms that scientifically control every aspect of pigs’ lives have spread rapidly. Until recently, most Chinese people ate pork only on special occasions; their ability in recent decades to eat it regularly exemplifies China's increasing prosperity. Meanwhile, vast areas of North and South American farmland are now devoted to growing soybeans to feed hundreds of millions of pigs in China, and the methane, manure, and antibiotic resistance they produce creates environmental and health problems on a global scale.

Keywords

pigsChinaanimalsagriculturelivestockfoodenvironment
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 79 , Issue 4 , November 2020 , pp. 865 - 889
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Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc., 2020

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