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Using milk leukocyte differentials for diagnosis of subclinical bovine mastitis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2017

Juliano Leonel Gonçalves ,
Roberta L. Lyman ,
Mitchell Hockett ,
Rudy Rodriguez ,
Marcos Veiga dos Santos  and
Kevin L. Anderson
Juliano Leonel Gonçalves
Affiliation:
Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences. University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
Roberta L. Lyman
Affiliation:
Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Mitchell Hockett
Affiliation:
Advanced Animal Diagnostics, Durham, NC, USA
Rudy Rodriguez
Affiliation:
Advanced Animal Diagnostics, Durham, NC, USA
Marcos Veiga dos Santos
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences. University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
Kevin L. Anderson*
Affiliation:
Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
*
*For Correspondence; e-mail: kevin_anderson@ncsu.edu
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Abstract

This research study aimed to evaluate the use of the milk leukocyte differential (MLD) to: (a) identify quarter milks that are culture-positive; and (b) characterize the milk leukocyte responses to specific groups of pathogens causing subclinical mastitis. The MLD measures the absolute number and relative percentage of inflammatory cells in milk samples. Using the MLD in two dairy herds (170 and 172 lactating cows, respectively), we studied all lactating cows with a most recent monthly Dairy Herd Improvement Association somatic cell count (SCC) >200 × 103 cells/ml. Quarter milk samples from 78 cows meeting study criteria were analysed by MLD and aseptically collected milk samples were subjected to microbiological culture (MC). Based upon automated instrument evaluation of the number and percentage of inflammatory cells in milk, samples were designated as either MLD-positive or – negative for subclinicial mastitis. Positive MC were obtained from 102/156 (65·4%) of MLD-positive milk samples, and 28/135 (20·7%) of MLD-negative milk samples were MC-positive. When MC was considered the gold standard for mastitis diagnosis, the calculated diagnostic Se of the MLD was 65·4% (IC95% = 57·4 to 72·8%) and the Sp was 79·3% (IC95% = 71·4 to 85·7%). Quarter milks positive on MC had higher absolute numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages, with higher neutrophils% and lymphocytes% but lower macrophages%. The Log10 (N/L) ratios were the most useful ratio to differentiate specific subclinical mastitis quarters from healthy quarters. Use of the MLD on cows with monthly composite SCC > 200 × 103 cells/ml for screening at quarter level identified quarters more likely to be culture-positive.

In conclusion, the MLD can provide an analysis of mammary quarter status more detailed than provided by SCC alone; however, the MLD response to subclinical mastitis was not found useful to specifically identify the causative pathogen.

Keywords

mastitisdiagnosismilk leukocytedifferential cell count
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 84 , Issue 3 , August 2017 , pp. 309 - 317
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2017 

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