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Numerical investigation of detachment and transport of particulate structures in wall-flow filters using lattice Boltzmann methods

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 February 2023

Nicolas Hafen Open the ORCID record for Nicolas Hafen[Opens in a new window] ,
Julia R.D. Thieringer ,
Jörg Meyer ,
Mathias J. Krause Open the ORCID record for Mathias J. Krause[Opens in a new window]  and
Achim Dittler Open the ORCID record for Achim Dittler[Opens in a new window]
Nicolas Hafen*
Affiliation:
Gas Particle Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany Lattice Boltzmann Research Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
Julia R.D. Thieringer
Affiliation:
Gas Particle Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
Jörg Meyer
Affiliation:
Gas Particle Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
Mathias J. Krause
Affiliation:
Lattice Boltzmann Research Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany Institute for Applied and Numerical Mathematics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
Achim Dittler
Affiliation:
Gas Particle Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany Institute of Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
*
†Email address for correspondence: nicolas.hafen@kit.edu
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Abstract

The exhaust from combustion engines contains particulate matter (PM), which poses potential health risks to human lungs. Current emission laws place increasingly strict limitations on both PM and particle number, leading to the necessity of using wall-flow filters to separate out a significant amount of the introduced PM. As this leads to an increase in the filter's loading, it is regenerated continuously or periodically, leading to the rearrangement of individual particulate structures inside the filter channels. Such rearrangement events cause the formation of specific deposition patterns, which affect the filter's pressure drop, its loading capacity and the separation efficiency. In order to derive predictions on the formation of specific deposition patterns, the transient behaviour of individual particle structures needs to be examined. The present work investigates the detachment and transport of particle structures during filter regeneration with three-dimensional surface-resolved simulations using a lattice Boltzmann method. The goal of this work is the determination of relevant key quantities and their interpretation with respect to predictions regarding the resulting deposition patterns. In this context, it is shown that lift forces are not the predominant detachment forces for non-spherical particle structures, and that the stopping distance of such structures is too long to avoid back-end deposition.

JFM classification

Low-Reynolds-number flows: Porous media Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow Reacting Flows: Laminar reacting flows
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 956 , 10 February 2023 , A30
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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