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A new species of Pseudoacanthocephalus (Acanthocephala: Echinorhynchidae) from the guttural toad, Sclerophrys gutturalis (Bufonidae), introduced into Mauritius, with comments on the implications of the introductions of toads and their parasites into the UK

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 January 2020

L.R. Smales Open the ORCID record for L.R. Smales [Opens in a new window] ,
S.J.R. Allain ,
J.W. Wilkinson  and
E. Harris
L.R. Smales*
Affiliation:
Parasitology Section, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide5070, South Australia, Australia
S.J.R. Allain
Affiliation:
School of Anthropology and Conservation, Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, University of Kent, Marlowe Building, Canterbury, KentCT2 7NR, UK
J.W. Wilkinson
Affiliation:
Amphibian and Reptile Conservation, 744 Christchurch Road, Boscombe, Bournemouth, Dorset BH7 6BZ, UK
E. Harris
Affiliation:
Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, LondonSW7 5BD, UK
*
Author for correspondence: L.R. Smales, E-mail: l.warner@cqu.edu.au
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Abstract

Pseudoacanthocephalus goodmani n. sp. is described from faecal pellets collected from Sclerophrys gutturalis (Power, 1927), the guttural toad. The species is characterized by a suite of characters, including a proboscis armature of 14–18 longitudinal rows of 4–6 hooks with simple roots, lemnisci longer than the proboscis receptacle, equatorial testes, a cluster of elongated cement glands and eggs without polar prolongations of the middle membrane 72.6–85.8 long. The toad had been accidentally translocated from Mauritius to the UK in a tourist's luggage and survived a washing machine cycle. The guttural toad was introduced into Mauritius from South Africa in 1922 and the cane toad, Rhinella marina (Linneaus, 1758), from South America, between 1936 and 1938. It seems most likely, therefore, that P. goodmani was introduced, with the guttural toad, from South Africa. The cane toad is host to the similar species, Pseudoacanthocephalus lutzi, from the Americas, but P. lutzi has not been recorded from places where the cane toad has been introduced elsewhere. Clearly, the guttural toad is a hardy and adaptable species, although it seems unlikely that it could become established in Northern Europe. Nevertheless, any accidental translocation of hosts poses the potential risk of introducing unwanted pathogens into the environment and should be guarded against.

Keywords

MauritiusBufonidaeguttural toadcane toadAcanthocephalaPseudoacanthocephalus goodmani
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 94 , 2020 , e119
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020

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