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Control of the morphology and chemical properties of carbon spheres prepared from glucose by a hydrothermal method

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2012

Min Li ,
Wei Li  and
Shouxin Liu
Min Li
Affiliation:
College of Material Sciences and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, People’s Republic of China
Wei Li
Affiliation:
College of Material Sciences and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, People’s Republic of China
Shouxin Liu*
Affiliation:
College of Material Sciences and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, People’s Republic of China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: liushouxin@126.com
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Abstract

Carbon spheres (CSs) with regular shapes (Ø 300–1200 nm) and numerous oxygen groups (–OH, C6H5–C=O, and C=O) were prepared by a simple glucose hydrothermal process. CSs were studied by x-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectra, and elemental analysis. Their size was directly proportional to temperature and glucose concentration. Their shape could be controlled by temperature and reaction time. To prepare CSs (Ø 300–800 nm) with regular shapes and smooth surfaces, temperature and reaction time in the range of 180–230 °C and 3–4 h, respectively, were optimal. The chemical properties of the CSs were affected by temperature. A phase transformation from amorphous to turbostratic structure took place at T > 230 °C. The number of oxygen groups decreased as the temperature increased, and T ≤ 230 °C were optimal to prepare oxygen-rich CSs. Comparison of oxygen contents and O/C ratios indicated a further carbonization, and the degree was directly related to temperature. A possible formation mechanism for the CSs is proposed.

Keywords

Grain sizeHydrothermalMorphology
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 27 , Issue 8 , 28 April 2012 , pp. 1117 - 1123
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

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