Aleotti, G., Dieci, G., and Russo, F. 1986. Eponges Permiennes de la vallée de Sosio (Sicile): révision systématique des sphinctozoaires. Annales Paléontologie, 72:211–246.
Béchennec, F. 1987. Géologie des nappes Hawasina dans les parties orientale et centrale des montagnes d'Oman. Thèse Doctorat d'Etat, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris. Documents du Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, 127:1–474.
Bernecker, M. and Weidlich, O. 1994. Attempted reconstruction of Permian and Triassic skeletonization from reefbuilders (Oman, Turkey): quantitative assessment with digital image analysis. Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundesanstalt, 50:31–56.
Blendinger, W. 1988. Permian to Jurassic deep water sediments of the eastern Oman Mountains: their significance for the evolution of the Arabian margin of the South Tethys. Facies, 19:1–32.
Blendinger, W., and Fl, H. W.ügel. 1990. Permische Stockkorallen aus dem Hawasina-Becken, Oman. Facies, 22:139–146.
Blendinger, W., Furnish, W., and Glenister, B. F. 1992. Permian cephalopod limestones, Oman Mountains: evidence for a Permian seaway along the northern margin of Gondwana. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 93:13–20.
Blendinger, W., Van Vliet, A., and Hughes-Clarke, M. W. 1990. Updoming, rifting and continental margin development during the Late Paleozoic in northern Oman, p. 27–37. In Robertson, A. H. F., Searle, M. P., and Ries, A. C. (eds.), The Geology and Tectonics of the Oman Mountains. Geological Society London, Special Publications, 49.
Boiko, E. V., Belyaeva, G. V., and Zhuravleva, I. T. 1991. Sfinctozoa Fanerozoia Territorii SSSR. Akademiia Nauk SSR, Moscow, 224 p.
Cossman, M. 1909. Rectification de nomenclature. Revue critical de Paleozoologie, 13:67–68.
De Wever, P., Bourdillon-de-Grissac, C., and Béchennec, F. 1990. Permian to Cretaceous radiolarian biostratigraphic data from the Hawasina Complex, Oman Mountains, p. 225–238. In Robertson, A. H. F., Searle, M. P., and Ries, A. C. (eds.), The Geology and Tectonics of the Oman Region. Geological Society London, Special Publications, 49.
Endo, R. 1959. Stratigraphical and paleontological studies of the later Paleozoic calcareous algae in Japan. XIV. Fossil algae from the Nyugawa valley in the Hida Massif. Science Reports from Saitama University, Series B, 3:177–207.
Engeser, T. 1986. Nomenklatorische Notiz zur Gattung Dictyocoelia Ott 1967 (“Sphinctozoa”, Porifera). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie Monatshefte, 10:587–590.
Engeser, T., and Neumann, H.-H. 1986. Ein neuer verticillitider ‘Sphinctozoe’ (Demospongiae, Porifera) aus dem Campan der Krappfeld-Gosau (Kärnten, Österreich). Mitteilungen des Geologisch-Paläontologischen Instituts der Universität Hamburg, 61:149–159.
Fan, J., Rigby, K., and Jingwen, Q. 1990. The Permian reefs of South China and comparisons with the Permian reef complex of the Guadalupe Mountains, West Texas and New Mexico. Birgham Young University Studies, 36:15–55.
Fan, J., and Zhang, W. 1985. Sphinctozoans from Late Permian reefs of Lichuan, West Hubei, China. Facies, 13:1–44.
Flügel, E., Di Stefano, P., and Senowbari-Daryan, B. 1991. Microfacies and depositional structure of allochthonous carbonate base-of-slope deposits: the Late Permian Pietra di Salomone Megablock, Sosio Valley (West Sicily). Facies, 25:147–186.
Flügel, E., Kochansky-Devidé, V., and Ramovs, A. 1984. A middle Permian calcisponge/algal/cement/reef: Straza near Bled, Slovenia. Facies, 10:179–256.
Flügel, E., and Reinhardt, J. 1989. Uppermost Permian reefs in Skyros (Greece) and Sichuan (China): implications for the Late Permian extinction event. Palaios, 4:502–518.
Flügel, E., Senowbari-Daryan, B., and Di Stefano, P. 1990. Lercaritubus problematicus n. gen., n. sp., a Lower Permian reef organism from Western Sicily. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, 29:361–366.
Girty, G. H. 1908. The Guadalupian Fauna. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 651 p.
Glennie, K. W., Boeuf, M. G. A., Hughes Clarke, M. W., Moody-Stuart, M., Pilaar, W. H. F., and Reinhardt, B. M. 1974. Geology of the Oman Mountains. Verhandelingen vanb het Koninklijk Nederlands geologisch mijnbouwkundig Genootschap, 31, Part 1, 222 p.
Grant, R. E. 1836. Outlines of comparative anatomy, designed to serve as an introduction to animal physiology and to the principles of classification in Zoology. Part 2, organs of vegetative or organic life. H. Bailliere, London, 652 p.
Inai, Y. 1936. Discosiphonella, a new ally of Amblysiphonella. Proceedings of the Imperial Academy of Japan, 12:169–171, Tokyo.
Laube, G. 1865. Die Fauna der Schichten von Cassian. Ein Beitrag zur Paläontologie der Alpinen Trias, Abteilung 1: Spongitarien, Corallien, Echiniden, und Crinoiden. Denkschrift der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, 24:223–296.
LaubenfelsM. W., de M. W., de. 1955. Porifera, p. E 21-E 112. In Moore, R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part E. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.
Lévi, C. 1973. Systematique de la classe des Demospongiaria (Demosponges), p. 37–631. In Grasse, P. P. (ed.), Traité de Zoologie, III, Spongiares. Masson et cie, Paris.
Maslov, V. P. 1956. Iskopaemye izvestkovye vodorosli SSSR. Academy of Science of the U.S.S.R., Geological Institute, Moscow, 160, 301 p. (in Russian).
Ott, E. 1967. Segmentierte Kalkschwämme (Sphinctozoen) aus der alpinen Mitteltrias und ihre Bedeutung als Riffbildner im Wettersteinkalk. Abhandlungen Bayerischer Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, N. F., 131, 96 p.
Parona, C. F. 1933. Le spugne della fauna permiana di Palazzo Adriano (Bacino del Sosio) in Sicilia. Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana, 1:1–58.
Rauff, H. 1938. Über einige Kalkschwämme aus der Trias der peruanischen Kordillere, nebst einem Anhang über Stellispongia und ihre Arten. Paläontologische Zeitschrift, 20:117–214.
Reitner, J. 1992. “Coralline Spongien”—Der Versuch einer phylogenetisch-taxonomischen Analyse. Berliner geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, E, 1, 352 pp.
Riding, R. 1993. Shamovella obscura: the correct name for Tubiphytes obscurus (Fossil). Taxon, 42:71–73.
Rigby, J. K., Fan, J., and Zhang, W. 1988. The sphinctozoan sponge Intrasporeocoelia from the Middle and Late Permian of China: reexamination of its filling structures. Journal of Paleontology, 62:747–753.
Rigby, J. K., Fan, J., and Zhang, W. 1989. Sphinctozoan sponges from the Permian reefs of south China. Journal of Paleontology, 63:404–439.
Robertson, A. H. F., and Searle, M. P. 1990. The northern Oman Tethyan continental margin: stratigraphy, structure, concepts, and controversies, p. 3–25. In Robertson, A. H. F., Searle, M. P., and Ries, A. C. (eds.), The Geology and Tectonics of the Oman Mountains. Geological Society London, Special Publications, 49.
Scotese, C. R., and McKerrow, W. S. 1990. Revised world maps and introduction, p. 1–21. In McKerrow, W. S., and Scotese, C. R. (eds.), Palaeozoic Palaeogeography and Biogeography. Geological Society of London Memoir, 12.
Searle, M. P., and Graham, G. M. 1982. “Oman Exotics”—Oceanic carbonate build-ups associated with the early stages of continental rifting. Geology, 10:43–49.
Seilacher, A. 1962. Die Sphinctozoa, eine Gruppe fossiler Kalkschwämme. Akademie der Wissenschaften Literatur, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, 1961(10):720–790.
Senowbari-Daryan, B. 1990. Die systematische Stellung der thalamiden Schwämme und ihre Bedeutung in der Erdgeschichte. Münchner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, Reihe A, Geologie und Paläontologie, 21:1–325.
Senowbari-Daryan, B., and Ingavat-Helmcke, R. 1993. Upper Permian sponges from Phrae province (northern Thailand). International Symposium on Biostratigraphy of Mainland Southeast Asia. Facies and Biostratigraphie: 439-451.
Senowbari-Daryan, B., and Rigby, J. K. 1988. Upper Permian segmented sponges from Djebel Tebaga, Tunisia. Facies, 19:171–250.
Senowbari-Daryan, B., and Rigby, J. K. 1991. Three additional thalamid sponges from the Upper Permian reefs of Djebel Tebaga (Tunisia). Journal of Paleontology, 65:623–629.
Senowbari-Daryan, B., and Schäfer, P. 1979. Neue Kalkschwämme und ein Problematikum (Radiomura cautica n. g., n. sp.) aus Oberrhät-Riffen südlich von Salzburg (Nördliche Kalkalpen). Mitteilungen der österreichischen geologischen Gesellschaft, 70:17–42.
Senowbari-Daryan, B., and Di Stefano, P. 1988. Microfacies and sphinctozoan assemblage of some Lower Permian breccias from the Lercara Formation (Sicily). Revista Italiana Paleontologia Stratigraphia, 94:3–34.
Sollas, W. J. 1875. Sponges, p. 451. In Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th edition, London.
Steinmann, G. 1882. Pharetronen-Studien. Neues Jahrbuch Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, 2:139–191.
Sullivan, K. M. and Chiappone, M. 1992. A comparison of belt quadrat and species presence/absence sampling of stony coral (Scleractinia and Millepora) and sponges for evaluating species patterning. Bulletin of Marine Science, 50:464–488.
Termier, H., Termier, G., and Vachard, D. 1977. Monographie Paleontologiques des affleurements Permiens du Djebel Tebaga (Süd Tunesien). Palaeontographica Abt. A, 156:1–109.
Toomey, D. F. 1991. Late Permian reefs of southern Tunisia: facies patterns and comparisons with the Capitan Reef, southwestern United States. Facies, 25:119–146.
Villey, M., Béchennec, F., Beurrier, M., le Métour, J., and Rabu, D. 1986. Geological map of Fanjah. Sheet NF 40-3F. Scale 1:100 000. Explanatory Notes. Direcctory General of Minerals, Oman Ministry of Petroleum and Minerals, 59 p.
Vinassa de Regny, P. 1915. Triadische Algen, Spongien, Anthozoen und Bryozoen aus Timor, p. 75–118. In Wanner, J. (ed.), Paläontologie von Timor, 4.
Waagen, W., and Wentzel, I. 1887. Salt-Range Fossils. 1, Productus-limestone Fossils, 7, Coelenterata-Amorphozoa-Protozoa. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India, Palaeontologica Indica, Series XIII:925–988.
Weidlich, O. 1992. Rekonstruktion einer Karbonatplattform im Oberperm: Palökologie, Mikrofazies und Biostratigraphie von autochthonen und allochthonen Karbonaten, Sultanat Oman. Unpublished , , 199 p.
Weidlich, O., Bernecker, M., and Flügel, E. 1993. Combined quantitative analysis and microfacies studies of ancient reefs: an integrated approach to Upper Permian and Upper Triassic reef carbonates (Sultanate of Oman). Facies, 28:115–144.
Weidlich, O., Senowbari-Daryan, B., and Flügel, E. 1991. Upper Permian sphinctozoan evolution: allochthonous blocks of the Ba'id structure. 6th International Symposium on Fossil Cnidaria:94–95.
Wu, Y. S. 1991. Organisms and communities of Permian Reef of Xiangbo, China. International Academic Publishers, Beijing, 192 p.
Yabe, H., and Sugiyama, T. 1934. Amblysiphonella and Rhabdactinia gen. et sp. nov. from the Upper Paleozoic limestone of Mimikiri, near Sakawamati, Tosa Province, Sikoku, Japan. Japanese Journal of Geology and Geography, 11:175–180.
Zhang, W. 1983. Study on the sphinctozoans of Upper Permian Changxing Formation from Lichuan area, West Hubei, China, p. 1–11. In A collection of theses for master's degree (1981), Institute of Geology, Academica Sinica, Beijing.