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Straight and linearly tapered capillaries produced by femtosecond laser micromachining

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2012

S. M. WIGGINS ,
M. P. REIJNDERS ,
S. ABUAZOUM ,
K. HART ,
G. VIEUX ,
G. H. WELSH ,
R. C. ISSAC ,
X. YANG ,
D. R. JONES  and
D. A. JAROSZYNSKI
S. M. WIGGINS
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk)
M. P. REIJNDERS
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk) TMC Physics, Flight Forum 107, 5657 DC Eindhoven, The Netherlands
S. ABUAZOUM
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk)
K. HART
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk)
G. VIEUX
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk)
G. H. WELSH
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk)
R. C. ISSAC
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk)
X. YANG
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk)
D. R. JONES
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk)
D. A. JAROSZYNSKI
Affiliation:
Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK (mark.wiggins@strath.ac.uk)
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Abstract

Gas-filled capillary discharge waveguides are a commonly employed medium in laser–plasma interaction applications, such as the laser wakefield accelerator, because they can simultaneously guide high-power laser pulses while acting as the medium for acceleration. In this paper, the production of both straight and linearly tapered capillaries using a femtosecond laser micromachining technique is presented. A tapered capillary is shown to possess a smooth variation in diameter (from 305 μm to 183 μm) along its entire 40 mm length, which would lead to a longitudinal plasma density gradient, thereby dramatically improving the laser–plasma interaction efficiency in applications. Efficient guiding with up to 82% energy transmission of the fundamental Gaussian mode of a low intensity, 50 fs duration laser pulse is shown for both types of capillary waveguide.

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