Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T14:40:02.465Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Phubbing and Social Relationships: Results from an Australian Sample

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 June 2019

Yeslam Al-Saggaf*
Affiliation:
School of Computing and Mathematics, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
Rachel MacCulloch
Affiliation:
School of Computing and Mathematics, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Yeslam Al-Saggaf, Charles Sturt University, Boorooma Street, PO Box 588, Wagga Wagga NSW 2678, Australia. Email: yalsaggaf@csu.edu.au
Get access

Abstract

Existing research on phubbing has focused mainly on one relationship group (i.e., partner phubbing). How does phubbing differ across different relationship groups (i.e., family vss people at work)? How does phubbing differ within the same relationship group (i.e., in the case of family relations: parents vs. children)? In which situations (i.e., in bed or at the dinner table) are people more likely to phub others? An online survey of 387 participants, predominantly Australians, revealed that participants were more likely to phub family, friends and strangers than people at work, and they were more likely to phub family and friends than strangers. With regard to family relations, participants were more likely to phub parents, partners and children than grandparents. They were more likely to phub partners and children than parents. The reason certain people are phubbed more frequently than others and in specific situations more than others is due to which social norms matter the most: injunctive norms or smartphone-related internalised norms. Considering that phubbing impacts those with whom the phubber has a closer relationship and those with whom the phubber has a distant relationship, comparing how phubbing differs across different relationship groups contributes to understanding the impact of phubbing on social relationships.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Al-Saggaf, Y., & MacCulloch, R. (2018, December). Phubbing: How frequent? Who is phubbed? In which situation? And using which apps? Paper presented at the Thirty Ninth International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS), San Francisco, CA.Google Scholar
Al-Saggaf, Y., & Burmeister, O.K. (2014, June). Australian ICT professionals’ perceptions regarding professionalism in the workplace: A mixed method approach. Paper presented at the ETHICOMP 2014 Conference, UPMC, Paris.Google Scholar
Andone, I., Błaszkiewicz, K., Eibes, M., Trendafilov, B., Montag, C., & Markowetz, A. (2016). How age and gender affect smartphone usage. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing: Adjunct (pp. 9–12). New York, NY: ACM.Google Scholar
Anshari, M., Alas, Y., Hardaker, G., Jaidin, J.H., Smith, M., & Ahad, A.D. (2016). Smartphone habit and behavior in Brunei: Personalization, gender, and generation gap. Computers in Human Behavior, 64, 719727.Google Scholar
Bandura, A. (2004). Health promotion by social cognitive means. Health Education & Behavior, 31, 143164.Google Scholar
Bobek, D.D., Hageman, A.M., & Kelliher, C.F. (2013). Analyzing the role of social norms in tax compliance behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 115, 451468.Google Scholar
Chasombat, P. (2014). Social networking sites impacts on interpersonal communication skills and relationships. Unpublished master's dissertation, National Institute of Development Administration, Thailand.Google Scholar
Chotpitayasunondh, V., & Douglas, K.M. (2016). How ‘phubbing’ becomes the norm: The antecedents and consequences of snubbing via smartphone. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 918.Google Scholar
Cialdini, R., & Trost, M.R. (1998). Social influence: Social norms, conformity, and compliance. In Gilbert, D.T., Fiske, S.T., & Lindzey, G. (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology. Boston, MA: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
David, M.E., & Roberts, J.A. (2017). Phubbed and alone: Phone snubbing, social exclusion, and attachment to social media. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 2, 155163.Google Scholar
De-Sola Gutierrez, J., de Fonseca, F.R., & Rubio, G. (2016). Cell-phone addiction: A review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 7, 175.Google Scholar
Derks, D., van Duin, D., Tims, M., & Bakker, A.B. (2015). Smartphone use and work–home interference: The moderating role of social norms and employee work engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 88, 155177.Google Scholar
Hall, J.A., Baym, N.K. and Miltner, K.M., 2014. Put down that phone and talk to me: Understanding the roles of mobile phone norm adherence and similarity in relationships. Mobile Media & Communication, 2, 134153.Google Scholar
Halpern, D., & Katz, J.E. (2017). Texting's consequences for romantic relationships: A cross-lagged analysis highlights its risks. Computers in Human Behavior, 71, 386394.Google Scholar
Karadağ, E., Tosuntaş, Ş.B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Şahin, B.M., … Babadağ, B. (2015). Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: A structural equation model. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4, 6074.Google Scholar
Krasnova, H., Abramova, O., Notter, I., & Baumann, A. (2016, April). Why phubbing is toxic for your relationship: Understanding the role of smartphone jealousy among ‘Generation Y’ users. Paper presented at the 24th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS), Istanbul, Turkey.Google Scholar
Kuss, D.J., & Griffiths, M.D. (2017). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14,. 311.Google Scholar
Kuss, D.J., Griffiths, M.D., Karila, L., & Billieux, J. (2014). Internet Addiction: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Research for the Last Decade. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 1, 397413.Google Scholar
Kuss, D.J., & Lopez-Fernandez, O. (2016). Internet addiction and problematic Internet use: A systematic review of clinical research. World Journal of Psychiatry, 6, 143.Google Scholar
Lee, K.E., Kim, S.-H., Ha, T.-Y., Yoo, Y.-M., Han, J.-J., Jung, J.-H., & Jang, J.-Y. (2016). Dependency on Smartphone Use and its Association with Anxiety in Korea. Public Health Reports, 131, 411419.Google Scholar
Lister-Landman, K.M., Domoff, S.E., & Dubow, E.F. (2017). The role of compulsive texting in adolescents’ academic functioning. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 6, 311325.Google Scholar
McCann & Maquarie Dictionary. (2014). Phubbing — A word is born [Video file]. Retrieved from https://mccann.com.au/project/phubbing-a-word-is-born/Google Scholar
McDaniel, B.T., & Coyne, S.M. (2016). ‘Technoference’: The interference of technology in couple relationships and implications for women's personal and relational well-being. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 5, 8598.Google Scholar
McDaniel, B.T., Galovan, A.M., Cravens, J.D., & Drouin, M. (2018). ‘Technoference’ and implications for mothers’ and fathers’ couple and coparenting relationship quality. Computers in Human Behavior, 80, 303313.Google Scholar
Misra, S., Cheng, L., Genevie, J., & Yuan, M. (2016). The iPhone effect: The quality of in-person social interactions in the presence of mobile devices. Environment and Behavior, 48, 275298.Google Scholar
Moser, C., Arbor, A., Schoenebeck, S.Y., Arbor, A., & Reinecke, K. (2016). Technology at the table: Attitudes about mobile phone use at mealtimes. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1881–1892). New York, NY: ACM.Google Scholar
Oduor, E., Neustaedter, C., Odom, W., Tang, A., Moallem, N., Tory, M., & Irani, P. (2016). The frustrations and benefits of mobile device usage in the home when co-present with family members. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (pp. 1315–1327). Brisbane, Australia: ACM.Google Scholar
Perkins, H.W., & Berkowitz, A.D. (1986). Perceiving the community norms of alcohol use among students: Some research implications for campus alcohol education programming. International Journal of the Addictions, 21, 961976.Google Scholar
Pew Research Center. (2011). Americans and text messaging. Retrieved from https://www.pewinternet.org/2011/09/19/americans-and-text-messaging/Google Scholar
Podsakoff, P.M., & Organ, D.W. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and Prospects. Journal of Management, 12, 531544.Google Scholar
Radesky, J.S., Kistin, C.J., Zuckerman, B., Nitzberg, K., Gross, J., Kaplan-Sanoff, M., … Silverstein, M. (2014). Patterns of mobile device use by caregivers and children during meals in fast food restaurants. Pediatrics, 133, e843e849.Google Scholar
Roberts, J.A., & David, M.E. (2016). My life has become a major distraction from my cell phone: Partner phubbing and relationship satisfaction among romantic partners. Computers in Human Behavior, 54, 134141.Google Scholar
Roberts, J.A., & David, M.E. (2017). Put down your phone and listen to me: How boss phubbing undermines the psychological conditions necessary for employee engagement. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 206217.Google Scholar
Song, D., Wang, Y., & You, F. (2014). Study on Wechat user behaviors of university graduates. In Proceedings of the IEEE 5th International Conference on Digital Home (pp. 353–360). Guangzhou, China: IEEE.Google Scholar
Turner, J.W., & Reinsch, N.L. (2007). The business communicator as presence allocator: Multicommunicating, equivocality, and status at work. Journal of Business Communication, 44, 3658.Google Scholar
Vanden Abeele, M.M.P., Antheunis, M.L., & Schouten, A.P. (2016). The effect of mobile messaging during a conversation on impression formation and interaction quality. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, 562569.Google Scholar
Vernon, L., & Uink, B. (2017). Early results are in! What are Australians’ smartphone habits? Retrieved from https://www.modernlifestudy.com/abc-survey-resultsGoogle Scholar
Vorderer, P., Hefner, D., Reinecke, L., & Klimmt, C. (Eds.) (2017). Permanently online, permanently connected: Living and communicating in a POPC world. Routledge. Retrieved from https://www.routledge.com/Permanently-Online-Permanently-Connected-Living-and-Communicating-in/Vorderer-Hefner-Reinecke-Klimmt/p/book/9781138245006Google Scholar
Wang, X., Xie, X., Wang, Y., Wang, P., & Lei, L. (2017). Partner phubbing and depression among married Chinese adults: The roles of relationship satisfaction and relationship length. Personality and Individual Differences, 110, 1217.Google Scholar