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Cumulative (Dis)advantage? The Impact of Labour Market Policies on Late Career Employment from a Life Course Perspective

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2014

JENNY BENNETT  and
KATJA MÖHRING
JENNY BENNETT
Affiliation:
Institut für Sozialforschung und Gesellschaftspolitik, Cologne, Germany email: Bennett@isg-institut.de
KATJA MÖHRING
Affiliation:
Institute for Sociology,University of Bremen, Germany email: katja.moehring@uni-bremen.de
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Abstract

We investigate the labour market situation of older individuals in Europe in relation to their previous employment history as well as the regulations relating to employment protection legislation and early retirement. Specifically, we look at the competing risks of early retirement and late career unemployment. The central research question is whether policy effects differ according to the characteristics of an individual's previous work history. We employ data for twelve European countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARELIFE) and estimate multilevel regression models. The results show different mechanisms for the risks of unemployment and early retirement. Late career unemployment results from individual factors related to fragmented careers, marginal employment and short tenures. In the case of early retirement, we find the interplay of individual and policy factors to be crucial. Persons with consistent careers have an increased probability of early retirement, but only in countries with generous early retirement benefits. However, employment protection legislation appears to counteract early retirement for this group of individuals. We conclude that policy factors do not have uniform effects for older individuals, but should rather be viewed against the background of previous developments in individual career paths.

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Type
Articles
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Journal of Social Policy , Volume 44 , Issue 2 , April 2015 , pp. 213 - 233
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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