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EQUITY-PREMIUM AND RISK-FREE-RATE PUZZLES AT LONG HORIZONS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 March 2005

KENT DANIEL
Affiliation:
Kellogg Graduate School of Management, Northwestern University
DAVID MARSHALL
Affiliation:
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

Extract

The failure of consumption-based asset pricing models to match the stochastic properties of the equity premium and the risk-free rate has been attributed by some authors to frictions, transaction costs, or durability. However, such frictions primarily would affect the higher-frequency data components: Consumption-based pricing models that concentrate on long-horizon returns should be more successful. We consider two consumption-based models: time-separable utility, and the habit model of Constantinides. We estimate a vector ARCH model that includes the pricing kernel and the equity return, and use the fitted model to assess the model's implications for the equity premium and for the risk-free rate. Neither model performs well at a quarterly horizon, but at longer horizons the Constantinides model can match the mean and the variance of the observed equity premium, captures time variation of the equity premium, and can better match the observed risk-free rate. We conclude that the equity-premium and risk-free-rate puzzles are primarily problems for shorter-horizon returns.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 1997 Cambridge University Press

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