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The Formation of CuIn(S,Se)2 Thin Film Solar Cell Absorbers from Electroplated Precursors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2011

Stefan Jost ,
Frank Hergert ,
Rainer Hock ,
Torsten Voß ,
Jörg Schulze ,
Andreas Kirbs ,
Michael Purwins ,
Volker Probst  and
Jörg Palm
Stefan Jost
Affiliation:
jost@krist.uni-erlangen.de, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chair for Crystallography & Structural Physics, Staudtstr. 3, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
Frank Hergert
Affiliation:
hergert@krist.uni-erlangen.de, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chair for Crystallography & Structural Physics, Staudtstr. 3, Erlangen, D-91058, Germany
Rainer Hock
Affiliation:
hock@krist.uni-erlangen.de, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chair for Crystallography & Structural Physics, Staudtstr. 3, Erlangen, D-91058, Germany
Torsten Voß
Affiliation:
torsten.voss@atotech.com, Atotech Deutschland GmbH, Erasmusstr. 20, Berlin, D-10553, Germany
Jörg Schulze
Affiliation:
joerg-f.schulze@atotech.com, Atotech Deutschland GmbH, Erasmusstr. 20, Berlin, D-10553, Germany
Andreas Kirbs
Affiliation:
andreas.kirbs@atotech.com, Atotech Deutschland GmbH, Erasmusstr. 20, Berlin, D-10553, Germany
Michael Purwins
Affiliation:
michael.purwins@ww.uni-erlangen.de, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Crystal Growth Laboratory, Martensstr. 7, Erlangen, D-91058, Germany
Volker Probst
Affiliation:
volker.probst@avancis.de, AVANCIS GmbH & Co. KG, Otto-Hahn-Ring 6, München, D-81739, Germany
Jörg Palm
Affiliation:
joerg.palm@avancis.de, AVANCIS GmbH & Co. KG, Otto-Hahn-Ring 6, München, D-81739, Germany
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Abstract

In this article structural properties as well as morphological aspects of CuIn(S,Se)2 thin film solar cell absorbers, produced by annealing of electroplated precursors, are discussed. Real-time X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments while precursor annealing have shown, that a reduced amount of electrodeposited selenium is the key parameter to realize a chalcopyrite formation mechanism similar to the one known for sputtered stacked elemental layer (SEL) precursors. Absorber layers processed from precursors produced by simultaneous electrodeposition of copper, indium and selenium show a preferable absorber morphology with an average grain size on the micrometer scale when the electrochemically deposited amount of selenium is reduced to [Se] / [In] = 0.1. The amount of selenium, missing for the formation of a stoichiometric chalcopyrite, was deposited in a second process step prior to precursor annealing. Solar cells produced from these absorbers show light conversion efficiencies up to 10%.

Keywords

photovoltaicthin filmelectrodeposition
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1012: Symposium Y – Thin-Film Compound Semiconductor Photovoltaics-2007 , 2007 , 1012-Y03-29
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2007

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