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The prevalence rates and adversities of delirium: Too common and disadvantageous

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2020

Soenke Boettger Open the ORCID record for Soenke Boettger [Opens in a new window] ,
Carl Moritz Zipser ,
Leonie Bode ,
Tobias Spiller ,
Jeremy Deuel ,
Georg Osterhoff ,
Jutta Ernst ,
Heidi Petry ,
Joerk Volbracht  and
Roland von Känel
Soenke Boettger*
Affiliation:
Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Carl Moritz Zipser
Affiliation:
Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, University of Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
Leonie Bode
Affiliation:
Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Tobias Spiller
Affiliation:
Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Jeremy Deuel
Affiliation:
MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah, BiomedicalCentre, Cambridge, UK
Georg Osterhoff
Affiliation:
Department of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Jutta Ernst
Affiliation:
Institute of Nursing Science, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Heidi Petry
Affiliation:
Department of Orthopedic, Trauma and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Joerk Volbracht
Affiliation:
University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Roland von Känel
Affiliation:
Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
*
Author for correspondence: Soenke Boettger, Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Ramistrasse 100, 8091Zurich, Switzerland. E-mail: soenke.boettger@usz.ch
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Abstract

Objective

The prevalence rates and adversities of delirium have not yet been systematically evaluated and are based on selected populations, limited sample sizes, and pooled studies. Therefore, this study assesses the prevalence rates and outcome of and odds ratios for managing services for delirium.

Methods

In this prospective cohort study, based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) 5, the Delirium Observation Screening (DOS) scale, and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) construct, 28,118 patients from 35 managing services were included, and the prevalence rates and adverse outcomes were determined by simple logistic regressions and their corresponding odds ratios (ORs).

Results

Delirious patients were older, admitted from institutions (OR 3.44–5.2), admitted as emergencies (OR 1.87), hospitalized twice longer, and discharged, transferred to institutions (OR 5.47–6.6) rather than home (OR 0.1), or deceased (OR 43.88). The rate of undiagnosed delirium was 84.2%. The highest prevalence rates were recorded in the intensive care units (47.1–84.2%, pooled 67.9%); in the majority of medical services, rates ranged from 20% to 40% (pooled 26.2%), except, at both ends, palliative care (55.9%), endocrinology (8%), and rheumatology (4.4%). Conversely, in surgery and its related services, prevalence rates were lower (pooled 13.1%), except for cardio- and neurosurgical services (53.3% and 46.4%); the lowest prevalence rate was recorded in obstetrics (2%).

Significance of results

Delirium remains underdiagnosed, and novel screening approaches are required. Furthermore, this study identified the impact of delirium on patients, determined the prevalence rates for 32 services, and elucidated the association between individual services and delirium.

Keywords

DeliriumImpact of deliriumPrevalence rateUnderdiagnosis
Type
Original Article
Information
Palliative & Supportive Care , Volume 19 , Issue 2 , April 2021 , pp. 161 - 169
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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