Abiew, Francis Kofi. 2012. “Humanitarian Action under Fire: Reflections on the Role of NGOs in Conflict and Post-Conflict Situations.”
International Peacekeeping
19(2): 203–16.
Adams, Jaqueline. 1998. “The Wrongs of Reciprocity: Fieldwork among Chilean Working-Class Women.”
Journal of Contemporary Ethnography
27(2): 219–41.
Adams, Laura L. 1999. “The Mascot Researcher.”
Journal of Composite Materials
33(10): 928–40.
Ahram, Ariel. 2013. “Iraq in the Social Sciences: Testing the Limits of Research.”
Journal of the Middle East and Africa
4: 251–66.
American Anthropological Association Commission on the Engagement of Anthropology with the US Security and Intelligence Communities (CEAUSSIC). 2009. “Final Report on The Army’s Human Terrain System Proof of Concept Program.”
Andersen, Travis. 2016. “New Subpoena Issued to Boston College in Belfast Project Case.”
The Boston Globe, April 25.
Anderson, Kenneth. 2004. “Humanitarian Inviolability in Crisis: The Meaning of Impartiality and Neutrality 2003-2004 Afghanistan and Iraq Conflicts.”
Harvard
17 (41–74).
Autesserre, Séverine. 2014. Peaceland: Conflict Resolution and the Everyday Politics of International Intervention. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Bacevich, Andrew. 2016. America’s War for the Greater Middle East: A Military History. New York: Random House.
Baldwin, Kate. 2016. “The Paradox of Chiefs.” In The Paradox of Traditional Chiefs in Democratic Africa, 3–19. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Barakat, Sultan and Ellis, Sue. 1996. “Researching under Fire: Issues for Consideration When Collecting Data and Information in War Circumstances, with Specific Reference to Relief and Reconstruction Projects.”
Disasters
20(2): 149–56.
Barkey, Karen. 1994. Bandits and Bureaucrats: The Ottoman Route to State Centralization. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Bayart, Jean-François. 1993. The State in Africa: The Politics of the Belly. London; New York: Longman.
Bingham, Molly and Connors, Steve. 2013. “Reporting the Story: Thoughts for Reporting on Violent Groups in a Turbulent Environment.” In Research Methods in Conflict Settings: A View from Below, edited by Mazurana, Dyan, Jacobsen, Karen, and Gale, Lacey, 169–220. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Borland, Katherine. 1998. “That’s Not What I Said: Interpretative Conflict in Oral Narrative Research.” In The Oral History Reader, edited by Perks, Robert and Thomson, Alistair, 2nd ed., 310–21. London: Routledge.
Bourgois, Philippe. 1990. “Confronting Anthropological Ethics: Ethnographic Lessons from Central America.”
Journal of Peace Research
27(1): 43–54.
Brown, Stephen. 2009. “Dilemmas of Self-Representation and Conduct in the Field.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations, edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 213–26. New York and London: Routledge.
Campbell, Susanna P. 2010. “Literature Review: Ethics of Research in Conflict and Post-Conflict Environments.” Program on States and Security, The Graduate Center, City University, New York.
Carapico, Sheila. 2006. “No Easy Answers: The Ethics of Field Research in the Arab World.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
39(3): 429–31.
Carpenter, Charli. 2012. “‘You Talk of Terrible Things So Matter-of-Factly in This Language of Science’: Constructing Human Rights in the Academy.”
Perspectives on Politics
10(2): 363–83.
Cassell, Joan. 1980. “Ethical Principles for Conducting Fieldwork.”
American Anthropologist
82(1): 28–41.
Chabal, Patrick and Daloz, Jean-Pascal. 1999. Africa Works: Disorder as Political Instrument. London: African International Institute.
Chakravarty, Anuradha. 2012. “‘Partially Trusting’ Field Relationships Opportunities and Constraints of Fieldwork in Rwanda’s Postconflict Setting.”
Field Methods
24(3): 251–71.
Chandler, David. 2006. “Back to the Future? The Limits of Neo-Wilsonian Ideals of Exporting Democracy.”
Review of International Studies
32: 475–94.
Clark, Janine A. 2006. “Field Research Methods in the Middle East.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
39(3): 417–24.
Clarke, Kamari M. 2010. “Toward a Critically Engaged Ethnographic Practice.”
Current Anthropology
51(S2): S301–S12.
Cohen, Jeffrey H. 2000. “Problems in the Field: Participant Observation and the Assumption of Neutrality.”
Field Methods
12(4): 316–33.
Cohen, Nissim and Arieli, Tamar. 2011. “Field Research in Conflict Environments: Methodological Challenges and Snowball Sampling.”
Journal of Peace Research
48(4): 423–35.
Corstange, Daniel. 2016. “Anti-American Behavior in the Middle East: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Lebanon.”
Journal of Politics
78(1): 311–25.
Dandoy, Arnaud and de Montclos, Marc-Antoine Pérouse. 2013. “Humanitarian Workers in Peril? Deconstructing the Myth of the New and Growing Threat to Humanitarian Workers.”
Global Crime
14(4): 341–58.
Dany, Charlotte. 2014. “Beyond Principles vs. Politics: Humanitarian Aid in the European Union.” ARENA Working Paper II (November).
Deeb, Lara and Winegar, Jessica. 2016. Anthropology's Politics: Disciplining the Middle East. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
De Juan, Alexander and Bank, André. 2015. “The Ba‘athist Blackout? Selective Goods Provision and Political Violence in the Syrian Civil War.”
Journal of Peace Research
52(1): 91–104.
de Torrente, Nicolas. 2004. “Humanitarian Action Under Attack: Reflections on the Iraq War.”
Harvard Human Rights Journal
17(1): 1–39.
de Waal, Alex. 2009. “Mission without End? Peacekeeping in the African Political Marketplace.”
International Affairs
85(1): 99–113.
Desposato, Scott W. 2014. “Ethical Challenges and Some Solutions for Field Experiments:” 1–11.
Desposato, Scott W., ed. 2016. Ethics and Experiments: Problems and Solutions for Social Scientists and Policy Professionals. New York and London: Routledge.
Dillman, Caroline M. 1977. “Ethical Problems in Social Science Research Peculiar to Participant Observation.”
Human Organization
36(4): 405–07.
Diphoorn, Tessa. 2012. “The Emotionality of Participation: Various Modes of Participation in Ethnographic Fieldwork on Private Policing in Durban, South Africa.”
Journal of Contemporary Ethnography
42(2): 201–25.
Donini, Antonio. 1995. “Beyond Neutrality: On the Compatibility of Military Intervention and Humanitarian Assistance.”
The Fletcher Forum of World Affairs
19(2): 31–45.
Driscoll, Jesse. 2015. Warlords and Coalition Politics in Post-Soviet States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
England, Kim V. L. 1994. “Getting Personal: Reflexivity, Positionality, and Feminist Research.”
The Professional Geographer
46(1): 80–89.
Englebert, Pierre and Tull, Denis M.. 2008. “Postconflict Reconstruction in Africa: Flawed Ideas about Failed States.”
International Security
32(4): 106–39.
Field Manual 3–24. 2014. “Insurgencies and Countering Insurgencies.” Washington, D.C.: Active Army, Army National Guard, and U.S. Army Reserve.
Fine, Gary Alan. 1993. “Ten Lies of Ethnography: Moral Dilemmas of Field Research.”
Journal of Contemporary Ethnography
22(3): 267–94.
Fujii, Lee Ann. 2010. “Shades of Truth and Lies: Interpreting Testimonies of War and Violence.”
Journal of Peace Research
47(2): 231–41.
Fujii, Lee Ann. 2012. “Research Ethics 101: Dilemmas and Responsibilities.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
45(4): 717–23.
Gallaher, Carolyn. 2009. “Researching Repellent Groups: Some Methodological Considerations on How to Represent Militants, Radicals, and Other Belligerents.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations, edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 127–46. New York: Routledge.
Gant, Jim. 2009. “A Strategy for Success in Afghanistan: One Tribe at a Time.” Los Angeles: Nine Sisters Imports.
Geertz, Clifford. 1978. “The Bazaar Economy : Information and Search in Peasant Marketing.”
The American Economic Review
68(2): 28–32.
Gerges, Fawaz A. 2009. The Far Enemy: Why Jihad Went Global. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gerharz, Eva. 2009. “Ambivalent Positioning: Reflections on Ethnographic Research in Sri Lanka during the Ceasefire of 2002.” 361. Working Papers in Development Sociology and Social Anthropology. Bielefeld.
Gezari, Vanessa M. 2015. The Tender Soldier: A True Story of War and Sacrifice. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Goffman, Alice. 2014. On the Run: Fugitive Life in an American City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Goode, J. Paul. 2010. “Redefining Russia: Hybrid Regimes, Fieldwork, and Russian Politics.”
Perspectives on Politics
8(4): 1055–75.
Goodhand, Jonathan. 2000. “Research in Conflict Zones: Ethics and Accountability.”
Forced Migration
8(4): 12–15.
Haar, Gemma Van Der, Heijmans, Annelies, and Hilhorst, Dorothea. 2013. “Interactive Research and the Construction of Knowledge in Conflict-Affected Settings.”
Disasters
37(1): 20–35.
Hale, Charles R. 2001. “What Is Activist Research?”
Items and Issues: Social Science Research Council
2(1): 13–15.
Hays-Mitchell, Maureen. 2001. “Danger, Fulfillment, and Responsibility in a Violence-Plagued Society.”
Geographical Review
91(1–2): 311–21.
Hecht, Tobias. 1998. At Home in the Street: Street Children of Northeast Brazil. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hilhorst, Dorothea, Hodgson, Lucy, Jansen, Bram, and Mena, Rodrigo. 2016. Security Guidelines for Field Researchers in Complex, Remote and Hazardous Places. The Hague: International Institute of Social Studies.
Hughes, Geraint and Tripodi, Christian. 2009. “Anatomy of a Surrogate: Historical Precedents and Implications for Contemporary Counter-Insurgency and Counter-Terrorism.”
Small Wars & Insurgencies
20(1): 1–35.
International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. 2001. “The Responsibility to Protect.” Ottawa.
Isaac, Jeffrey C. 2015. “For a More Public Political Science.”
Perspectives on Politics
13(2): 269–83.
Jarvie, Ian Charles. 1969. “The Problem of Ethical Integrity in Participant Observation.”
Current Anthropology
10(5): 505–08.
Johnson, Carole Gaar. 1982. “Risks in the Publication of Fieldwork.” In The Ethics of Social Research: Fieldwork, Regulation, and Publication, edited by Sieber, Joan, 71–91. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Kaldor, Mary. 1999. New and Old Wars: Organized Violence in a Global Era. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Kaldor, Mary. 2013. “In Defence of New Wars.”
Stability: International Journal of Security and Development
2(1), 4: 1–16.
Kilcullen, David. 2005. “Countering Global Insurgency.”
Journal of Strategic Studies
28(4): 597–617.
Kilcullen, David. 2009. The Accidental Guerrilla: Fighting Small Wars in the Midst of a Big One. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kovats-Bernat, J. Christopher. 2002. “Negotiating Dangerous Fields: Pragmatic Strategies for Fieldwork Mid Violence and Terror.”
American Anthropologist
104(1): 208–22.
Krasner, Stephen D. 1999. Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Lawrence, T. E. 1937. Seven Pillars of Wisdom. Wordsworth Editions Ltd.
Lederach, John Paul. 1995. Preparing for Peace: Conflict Transformation Across Cultures. New York: Syracuse University Press.
Long, Austin. 2008. “The Anbar Awakening.”
Survival
50(2): 67–94.
Malejacq, Romain. 2016. “Warlords, Intervention, and State Consolidation: A Typology of Political Orders in Weak and Failed States.”
Security Studies
25(1): 85–110.
Mamdani, Mahmood. 2009. Saviors and Survivors: Darfur, Politics, and the War on Terror. New York: Pantheon.
Mamdani, Mahmood. 2010. “Responsibility to Protect or Right to Punish?”
Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding
4(1): 53–67.
Mansfield, David. 2010. “Where Have All the Flowers Gone? Assessing the Sustainability of Current Reductions in Opium Production in Afghanistan.” Kabul: Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit.
Mansfield, David. 2011. “Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Counter-Narcotics Efforts and Their Effects in Nangarhar and Helmand in the 2010–2011 Growing Season.” Kabul: Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit.
Mansfield, David. 2015. “Effective Monitoring and Evaluation in Conflict-Affected Environments: Afghanistan Post-2014.” Washington DC: U.S. Institute of Peace.
Martin-Ortega, Olga and Herman, Johanna. 2009. “There and Back: Surviving Field Research in Violent and Difficult Situations.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations, edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 227–41. New York: Routledge.
Martin, Mike. 2014. An Intimate War: An Oral History of the Helmand Conflict. London: C. Hurst & Co.
Mazurana, Dyan and Gale, Lacey Andrews. 2013. “Preparing for Research in Active Conflict Zones.” In Research Methods in Conflict Settings: A View from Below, edited by Mazurana, Dyan, Jacobsen, Karen, and Gale, Lacey, 277–92. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Mazurana, Dyan, Jacobsen, Karen, and Gale, Lacey, ed. 2013. Research Methods in Conflict Settings: A View from Below. New York: Cambridge University Press.
McCann, Michael. 2016. “Labor Scholarship And/as Labor Activism.”
Perspectives on Politics
14(2): 432–41.
Mertus, Julie A. 2009. “Maintenance of Personal Security: Ethical and Operational Issues.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations, edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 165–76. New York: Routledge.
Moser, Sarah. 2008. “Personality: A New Positionality?”
Area
40(3) (September): 383–92.
Mosser, Michael W. 2010. “Puzzles versus Problems: The Alleged Disconnect between Academics and Military Practitioners.”
Perspectives on Politics
8(4): 1077–86.
Mukhopadhyay, Dipali. 2014. Warlords, Strongman Governors, and the State in Afghanistan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Norman, Julie M. 2009. “Got Trust? The Challenge of Gaining Access in Conflict Zones.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations, edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 71–90. New York: Routledge.
O’Brien, Paul. 2004. “Politicized Humanitarianism: A Response to Nicolas de Torrente.”
Harvard Human Rights Journal
17(1): 31–40.
Omari, Shazdeh. 2014. “International Journalists Killed at High Rate in 2014: Middle East Deadliest Region.”
Committee to Protect Journalists.
Ottaway, Marina. 2003. “Promoting Democracy after Conflict: The Difficult Choices.”
International Studies Perspectives
4(3): 314–22.
Paluck, Elizabeth Levy. 2009. “Methods and Ethics with Research Teams and NGOs: Comparing Experiences across the Border of Rwanda and Democratic Republic of Congo.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations, edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 38–56. New York: Routledge.
Paris, Roland. 2004. At War’s End: Building Peace after Civil Conflict. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Peritore, N. Patrick. 1990. “Reflections on Dangerous Fieldwork.”
The American Sociologist
21(4): 359–72.
Petersen, Roger D. 2011. Western Intervention in the Balkans: The Strategic Use of Emotions in Conflict. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Price, Michael, Rubinstein, Robert A., and Price, David H.. 2012. “‘Material Support’: US Anti-Terrorism Law Threatens Human Rights and Academic Freedom.”
Anthropology Today
28(1): 3–5.
Rabinow, Paul. 1977. Reflections on Fieldwork in Morocco. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Radsch, Courtney. 2009. “From Cell Phones to Coffee: Issues of Access in Egypt and Lebanon.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations, edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 91–107. New York: Routledge.
Revkin, Mara. 2016. “ISIS’ Social Contract: What the Islamic State Offers Civilians.”
Foreign Affairs, January 10.
Richmond, Oliver P. 2006. “The Problem of Peace: Understanding the ‘Liberal Peace.’”
Conflict, Security & Development
6(3): 291–314.
Robben, Antonius C. G. M. 1995. “The Politics of Truth and Emotion among Victims and Perpetrators of Violence.” In Fieldwork under Fire: Contemporary Studies of Violence and Survival, edited by Nordstrom, Carolyn and Robben, Antonius C. G. M., 81–103. Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Romano, David. 2006. “Conducting Research in the Middle East’s Conflict Zones.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
39(3): 439–41.
Ross, Amy. 2009. “Impact on Research of Security-Seeking Behaviour.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations. edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 177–88. New York: Routledge.
Salzman, Philip Carl. 2002. “On Reflexivity.”
American Anthropologist
104(3): 805–13.
Schuessler, Jennifer. 2015. “Alice Goffman’s Heralded Book on Crime Is Disputed.”
New York Times, June 5.
Schwedler, Jillian. 2006. “The Third Gender: Western Female Researchers in the Middle East.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
39(3): 425–28.
Shapiro, Jacob and Weidmann, Nils B.. 2015. “Is the Phone Mightier than the Sword? Cell Phones and Insurgent Violence in Iraq.”
International Organization
69(2): 247–74.
Sirnate, Vasundhara. 2014. “Positionality, Personal Insecurity, and Female Empathy in Security Studies Research.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
47(2): 398–401.
Sluka, Jeffrey A. 1991. “Reflections on Managing Danger in Fieldwork: Dangerous Anthropology in Belfast.” In Fieldwork under Fire: Contemporary Studies of Violence and Survival, edited by Nordstrom, C. and Robben, A. C. G. M., 276–94. Berkeley; Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Smith, Linda Thuhiwai. 1999. Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. London: Zed Books.
Sriram, Chandra Lekha. 2009. “Maintenance of Standards of Protection during Writeup and Publication.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations, edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 57–68. New York: Routledge.
Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna. 2009. Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations. New York: Routledge.
Stern, Jessica and Berger, J. M.. 2016. ISIS: The State of Terror. London: William Collins.
Suhrke, Astri. 2007. “Reconstruction as Modernisation: The ‘post-Conflict’ Project in Afghanistan.”
Third World Quarterly
28(7): 1291–1308.
Sultana, Farhana. 2007. “Reflexivity, Positionality and Participatory Ethics: Negotiating Fieldwork Dilemmas in International Research.”
ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographies
6(3): 374–85.
Tapper, Richard. 1983. “Introduction.” In The Conflict of Tribe and State in Iran and Afghanistan, edited by Tapper, Richard, 1–82. London: Croom Helm.
Tapper, Richard. 1990. “Anthropologists, Historians, and Tribespeople on Tribe and State Formation in the Middle East.” In Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East, edited by Khoury, Philip S. and Kostiner, Joseph, 48–73. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Teele, Dawn Langan. 2014. “Reflections on the Ethics of Field Experiments.” In Field Experiments and Their Critics: Essays on the Uses and Abuses of Experimentation in the Social Sciences, edited by Teele, Dawn Langan, 115–40. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Tessler, Mark and Jamal, Amaney. 2006. “Political Attitude Research in the Arab World: Emerging Opportunities.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
39(3): 433–37.
Thompson, Marshall. 2009. “Research, Identities, and Praxis: The Tensions of Integrating Identity into the Field Experience.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
42(2): 325–28.
Thomson, Susan M. 2009. “Why Develop Guidelines on Ethics in Post-War Field Research?” Ottawa.
Tilly, Charles. 2005. Trust and Rule. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Townsend-Bell, Erica. 2009. “Being True and Being You: Race, Gender, Class, and the Fieldwork Experience.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
42(2): 311–14.
Trigger, David, Forsey, Martin, and Meurk, Carla. 2012. “Revelatory Moments in Fieldwork.”
Qualitative Research
12(5): 513–27.
United Nations Secretary General’s High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change. 2004. “A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility.” New York.
Vlassenroot, Koen. 2006. “War and Social Research: The Limits of Empirical Methodologies in War-Torn Environments.”
Civilisations
54(1–2): 191–98.
Volokh, Eugene. 2015. “Prof. Alice Goffman, ‘On the Run,’ and Driving a Gang Member Around, Looking for a Mutual Friend’s Killer.”
Washington Post, June 2.
Wax, Murray L. 1977. “On Fieldworkers and Those Exposed to Fieldwork: Federal Regulations and Moral Issues.”
Human Organization (36): 321–28.
Wedeen, Lisa. 2010. “Refletions on Ethnographic Work in Political Science.”
Annual Review of Political Science
13(1): 255–72.
Wood, Elisabeth Jean. 2006. “The Ethical Challenges of Field Research in Conflict Zones.”
Qualitative Sociology
29(3): 373–86.
Yanow, Dvora and Schwartz-Shea, Peregrine. 2008. “Reforming Institutional Review Board Policy: Issues in Implementation and Field Research.”
PS: Political Science & Politics
41(3): 483–94.
Yanow, Dvora and Schwartz-Shea, Peregrine. 2015. “Wherefore ‘Interpretive:’ An Introduction.” In Interpretation and Method: Empirical Research Methods and the Interpretive Turn, 2nd ed., xiii–xxxi. Oxon and New York: Routledge.
Zahar, Marie-Joëlle. 2009. “Fieldwork, Objectivity and the Academic Enterprise.” In Surviving Field Research: Working in Violent and Difficult Situations, edited by Sriram, Chandra Lekha, King, John C., Mertus, Julie A., Martin-Ortega, Olga, and Herman, Johanna, 191–212. New York: Routledge.
