Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-jr42d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T07:44:13.600Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Inequalities Among Political Scientists: Race and Gender Relations During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 May 2023

Marcia Rangel Candido Open the ORCID record for Marcia Rangel Candido [Opens in a new window] ,
Otávio Zilioli Catelano Open the ORCID record for Otávio Zilioli Catelano [Opens in a new window] ,
Mariana Miggiolaro Chaguri Open the ORCID record for Mariana Miggiolaro Chaguri [Opens in a new window] ,
Danusa Marques Open the ORCID record for Danusa Marques [Opens in a new window] ,
Vanessa Elias de Oliveira Open the ORCID record for Vanessa Elias de Oliveira [Opens in a new window]  and
Flávia Biroli
Marcia Rangel Candido
Affiliation:
State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Otávio Zilioli Catelano
Affiliation:
State University of Campinas, Brazil
Mariana Miggiolaro Chaguri
Affiliation:
State University of Campinas, Brazil
Danusa Marques
Affiliation:
University of Brasilia, Brazil
Vanessa Elias de Oliveira
Affiliation:
Federal University of ABC, Brazil
Flávia Biroli
Affiliation:
University of Brasilia, Brazil
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This study examines the division of labor among political scientists during different periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article explores the hypothesis that the pandemic increased inequalities, especially by exacerbating the burden of housework and care responsibilities for women. We ground our analysis on the results of two surveys conducted in Brazil: one shortly after the onset of the pandemic in June 2020; and the other, more recently, from March 2022, after the ending of social-distancing measures. Brazil is a relevant case study because it was an epicenter of the virus for many months. This public health crisis occurred while a denialist and authoritarian government was in power. Considering gender and race variables, the data show a transformation of the dynamics of time organization during the period. At the beginning of the pandemic, men—primarily white men—devoted more time to academic work; in 2022, the most substantive difference was one of race. We observed a greater convergence among white people, as opposed to Black people, about household chores, with the latter group more overloaded than the former group. Traditional class and race inequalities concerning the Brazilian population can contribute to the explanation for this. When in-person work returned, white political scientists began to outsource domestic care more than their nonwhite counterparts.

Type
Article
Information
PS: Political Science & Politics , Volume 56 , Issue 3 , July 2023 , pp. 365 - 372
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the American Political Science Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abels, Gabriele, and Woods, Dorian R.. 2015. “The Status of Women in German Political Science.” European Political Science 14:87–95.10.1057/eps.2015.5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abu-Laban, Yasmeen, Sawer, Marian, and St-Laurent, Mathieu. 2018. IPSA Gender and Diversity: Monitoring Report 2017. Montreal: International Political Science Association.Google Scholar
Akhtar, Parveen, Fawcett, Paul, Legrand, Tim, Marsh, David, and Taylor, Chloe. 2005. “Women in the Political Science Profession.” European Political Science 4 (3): 242–55.10.1057/palgrave.eps.2210039CrossRefGoogle Scholar
American Political Science Association. 2004. Women’s Advancement in Political Science. Washington, DC: American Political Science Association.Google Scholar
Ards, Sheila, and Woodard, Maurice C.. 1992. “African Americans in the Political Science Profession.” PS: Political Science & Politics 25 (2): 252–59.Google Scholar
Bates, Stephen, Jenkins, Laura, and Pflaeger, Zoe. 2012. “Women in the Profession: Composition of UK Political Science Departments by Sex.” Politics 32 (3): 139–52.10.1111/j.1467-9256.2012.01444.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breuning, Marijke, Fattore, Christina, Ramos, Jennifer, and Scalera, Jamie. 2021. “The Great Equalizer? Gender, Parenting, and Scholarly Productivity During the Global Pandemic.” PS: Political Science & Politics 54 (3): 427–31. DOI:10.1017/S1049096520002036.Google Scholar
Briggs, Ryan C., and Weathers, Scott. 2016. “Gender and Alocation in African Politics Scholarship: The Other White Man’s Burden?” African Affairs 115 (460): 466–89.10.1093/afraf/adw009CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bulcourf, Pablo, Márquez, Enrique, and Cardozo, Nelson. 2015. “Historia y Desarrollo de la Ciencia Política en América Latina: Reflexiones sobre la Constitución del Campo de Estudios.” Revista de Ciencia Política 35 (1): 179–99.Google Scholar
Campos, Luiz Augusto, and Candido, Marcia Rangel. 2022. “Transparency in DADOS: Submissions, Reviewers, and Editorial Workflow Diversity in Recent Years.” DADOS 65 (1): 1–26.Google Scholar
Candido, Marcia Rangel, Campos, Luiz Augusto, and Júnior, João Feres. 2021. “The Gendered Division of Labor in Brazilian Political Science Journals.” Brazilian Political Science Review 15 (3): 1–33.10.1590/1981-3821202100030002CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Candido, Marcia Rangel, Catelano, Otávio Zilioli, Chaguri, Mariana Miggiolaro, Marques, Danusa, de Oliveira, Vanessa Elias, and Biroli, Flávia. 2023. “Replication Data for ‘Inequalities Among Political Scientists: Race and Gender During the COVID-19 Pandemic.’” Harvard Dataverse DOI 10.7910/DVN/Y6TSIK.10.1017/S1049096523000197CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Candido, Marcia Rangel, Júnior, João Feres, and Campos, Luiz Augusto. 2019. “Desigualdades de Gênero na Elite da Ciência Política Brasileira.” Civitas, Revista de Ciências Sociais 19 (3): 564–82.10.15448/1984-7289.2019.3.33488CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carpiuc, Cecília. 2016. “Women and Diversity in Latin American Political Science.” European Political Science 15:457–75.10.1057/s41304-016-0077-4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catelano, Otávio Z., Candido, Marcia Rangel, Chaguri, Mariana, Amaral, Oswaldo, Inácio, Magna, Castro, Bárbara, Marques, Danusa, de Oliveira, Vanessa Elias, and Biroli, Flávia. 2022. “Inequalities among Brazilian Political Scientists.” https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/QOFDCZ.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chávez, Kerry, and Kristina, M. W. Mitchell. 2020. “Exploring Bias in Student Evaluations: Gender, Race, and Ethnicity.” PS: Political Science & Politics 53 (2): 270–74.Google Scholar
Cho, Sumi, Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams, and McCall, Leslie. 2013. “Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis.” Signs: Journal of Women 38 (4): 785–810.10.1086/669608CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, Patricia Hill. 2000. Black Feminist Thought. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Collins, Patricia Hill. 2008. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Collins, Patricia Hill, and Bilge, Sirma. 2020. Interseccionalidade. São Paulo, Brazil: Boitempo.Google Scholar
Crenshaw, Kimberlé. 1989. “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics.” University of Chicago Legal Forum 140:139–67.Google Scholar
Cui, Ruomeng, Ding, Hao, and Zhu, Feng. 2020. “Gender Inequality in Research Productivity During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3623492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtin, Jennifer. 2013. “Women and Political Science in New Zealand: The State of the Discipline.” Political Science 65:63–83.10.1177/0032318713484922CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, Angela. 1981. Women, Race, and Class. New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Dion, Michelle L., Sumner, Jane L., and Mitchell, Sara M.. 2018. “Gendered Citation Patterns across Political Science and Social Science Methodology Fields.” Political Analysis 26 (3): 312–27.10.1017/pan.2018.12CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dolan, Kathleen, and Lawless, Jennifer. 2020. “It Takes a Submission: Gendered Patterns in the Pages of AJPS.” Blog AJPS, April 20. https://ajps.org/2020/04/20/it-takes-a-submission-gendered-patterns-in-the-pages-of-ajps.Google Scholar
Fernández, Maria. 2006. “Mujer y Ciencia Política en Chile: ¿Algo Nuevo Bajo el Sol?” Política 46:261–89.Google Scholar
Gonzalez, Lélia. 1983.“Racismo e Sexismo na Cultura Brasileira.” In Movimentos Sociais Urbanos, Minorias e Outros Estudos, ed. António, Luiz da Silva, Machado et al., 223–44. Brasília: National Association of Graduate Studies and Research in Social Sciences.Google Scholar
Kantola, Johanna. 2008. “Why Do All the Women Disappear? Gendering Processes in a Political Science Departament.” Gender, Work, and Organization 15 (2): 202–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0432.2007.00376.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kantola, Johanna. 2015. “Political Science as a Gendered Discipline in Finland.” European Political Science 12:79–86.10.1057/eps.2015.4CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Key, Ellen M., and Sumner, Jane L.. 2019. “You Research Like a Girl: Gendered Research Agendas and Their Implications.” PS: Political Science & Politics 52 (4): 663–68.Google Scholar
Leão, Natália, Candido, Marcia Rangel, Campos, Luiz Augusto, and Júnior, João Feres. 2017. “Relatório das Desigualdades de Raça, Gênero e Classe.” Grupo de Estudos Multidisciplinares da Ação Afirmativa 1:1–21.Google Scholar
Marques, Danusa, Candido, Marcia Rangel, de Oliveira, Vanessa Elias, and Biroli, Flávia. 2022. “O Impacto da Pandemia nas Rotinas de Trabalho nas Ciências Sociais.” Harvard Dataverse. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/8T4O7U.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menezes, Djacir. 1950. “Political Science in Brazil During the Last Thirty Years.” Contemporary Political Science. Paris: UNESCO.Google Scholar
Muniz, Jerônimo O. 2012. “Preto no Branco? Mensuração, Relevância e Concordância Classificatória no País da Incerteza Racial.” DADOS 55 (1): 251–82.10.1590/S0011-52582012000100007CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samuels, David, and Teele, Dawn Langan. 2021. “New Medium, Same Story: Gender Gaps in Book Publishing.” PS: Political Science & Politics 54 (1): 131–40. DOI:10.1017/S1049096520001018.Google Scholar
Shalaby, Marwa, Allam, Nermin, and Buttorff, Gail J.. 2021. “Leveling the Field: Gender Inequity in Academia During COVID-19.” PS: Political Science & Politics 54 (4): 661–67. DOI:10.1017/S1049096521000615.Google Scholar
Squazzoni, Flaminio, Bravo, Giangiacomo, Grimaldo, Francisco, García-Costa, Daniel, Farjam, Mike, and Mehmani, Bahar. 2021. “Gender Gap in Journal Submissions and Peer Review During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study on 2,329 Elsevier Journals.” PLoS ONE 16 (10): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257919.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Staniscuaski, Fernanda, et al. 2021. “Gender, Race and Parenthood Impact Academic Productivity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: From Survey to Action.” Frontiers in Psychology 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.663252.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teele, Dawn Langan, and Thelen, Kathleen. 2017. “Gender in the Journals: Publication Patterns in Political Science.” PS: Poltical Science & Politics 50 (2): 433–47.Google Scholar
Williams, Helen, Bates, Stephen, Jenkins, Laura, Luke, Darcy, and Rogers, Kelly. 2015. “Gender and Journal Authorship: An Assessment of Articles Published by Women in Three Top British Political Science and International Relations Journals.” European Political Science 14 (2): 116–30.10.1057/eps.2015.8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Candido et al. supplementary material
Download undefined(File)
File 88.7 KB