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A broadband radio view of transient jet ejecta in the black hole candidate X-ray binary MAXI J1535–571

Part of: Murchison Widefield Array

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2021

Jaiverdhan Chauhan Open the ORCID record for Jaiverdhan Chauhan[Opens in a new window] ,
J. C. A. Miller-Jones ,
G. E. Anderson Open the ORCID record for G. E. Anderson[Opens in a new window] ,
A. Paduano ,
M. Sokolowski Open the ORCID record for M. Sokolowski[Opens in a new window] ,
C. Flynn ,
P. J. Hancock Open the ORCID record for P. J. Hancock[Opens in a new window] ,
N. Hurley-Walker ,
D. L. Kaplan  and
T. D. Russell
...Show all authors
Jaiverdhan Chauhan*
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
J. C. A. Miller-Jones*
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
G. E. Anderson
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
A. Paduano
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
M. Sokolowski
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
C. Flynn
Affiliation:
Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Mail H30, PO Box 218, VIC 3122, Australia
P. J. Hancock
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
N. Hurley-Walker
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
D. L. Kaplan
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
T. D. Russell
Affiliation:
INAF/IASF Palermo, via Ugo La Malfa 153, I-90146 Palermo, Italy Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, the Netherlands
A. Bahramian
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
S. W. Duchesne
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
D. Altamirano
Affiliation:
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, B46, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
S. Croft
Affiliation:
Astronomy Department, University of California, Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall 3411, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA SETI Institute, 189 N Bernardo Ave #200, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
H. A. Krimm
Affiliation:
National Science Foundation, 2415 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA
G. R. Sivakoff
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of Alberta, CCIS 4-181, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
R. Soria
Affiliation:
College of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Sydney Institute for Astronomy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
C. M. Trott
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
R. B. Wayth
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
V. Gupta
Affiliation:
Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, Mail H30, PO Box 218, VIC 3122, Australia
M. Johnston-Hollitt
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia Curtin Institute for Computation, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, 6845, WA, Australia
S. J. Tingay
Affiliation:
International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research – Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
*
*Author for correspondence: Jaiverdhan Chauhan, E-mail: j.chauhan@student.curtin.edu.au and J. C. A. Miller-Jones, E-mail: James.Miller-Jones@curtin.edu.au
*Author for correspondence: Jaiverdhan Chauhan, E-mail: j.chauhan@student.curtin.edu.au and J. C. A. Miller-Jones, E-mail: James.Miller-Jones@curtin.edu.au
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Abstract

We present a broadband radio study of the transient jets ejected from the black hole candidate X-ray binary MAXI J1535–571, which underwent a prolonged outburst beginning on 2017 September 2. We monitored MAXI J1535–571 with the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) at frequencies from 119 to 186 MHz over six epochs from 2017 September 20 to 2017 October 14. The source was quasi-simultaneously observed over the frequency range 0.84–19 GHz by UTMOST (the Upgraded Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope) the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP), the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), and the Australian Long Baseline Array (LBA). Using the LBA observations from 2017 September 23, we measured the source size to be $34\pm1$ mas. During the brightest radio flare on 2017 September 21, the source was detected down to 119 MHz by the MWA, and the radio spectrum indicates a turnover between 250 and 500 MHz, which is most likely due to synchrotron self-absorption (SSA). By fitting the radio spectrum with a SSA model and using the LBA size measurement, we determined various physical parameters of the jet knot (identified in ATCA data), including the jet opening angle ( $\phi_{\rm op} = 4.5\pm1.2^{\circ}$ ) and the magnetic field strength ( $B_{\rm s} = 104^{+80}_{-78}$ mG). Our fitted magnetic field strength agrees reasonably well with that inferred from the standard equipartition approach, suggesting the jet knot to be close to equipartition. Our study highlights the capabilities of the Australian suite of radio telescopes to jointly probe radio jets in black hole X-ray binaries via simultaneous observations over a broad frequency range, and with differing angular resolutions. This suite allows us to determine the physical properties of X-ray binary jets. Finally, our study emphasises the potential contributions that can be made by the low-frequency part of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA-Low) in the study of black hole X-ray binaries.

Keywords

black hole physicsradiation mechanisms: non-thermalrelativistic processesX-rays: binariesX-rays: individual: MAXI J1535–571
Type
Research Article
Information
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia , Volume 38 , 2021 , e045
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© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Astronomical Society of Australia

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