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A technique for assessing environmental impact risks of agricultural systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2009

Olha Sydorovych ,
Charles W. Raczkowski ,
Ada Wossink ,
J. Paul Mueller ,
Nancy G. Creamer ,
Shuijin Hu ,
Melissa Bell  and
Cong Tu
Olha Sydorovych*
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Charles W. Raczkowski
Affiliation:
Department of Natural Resources, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA.
Ada Wossink
Affiliation:
Department of Economics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
J. Paul Mueller
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Nancy G. Creamer
Affiliation:
Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Shuijin Hu
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Melissa Bell
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Cong Tu
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
*
*Corresponding author: obsydoro@ncsu.edu
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Abstract

Conventional agriculture often aims to achieve high returns without allowing for sustainable natural resource management. To prevent environmental degradation, agricultural systems must be assessed and environmental standards need to be developed. This study used a multi-factor approach to assess the potential environmental impact risk of six diverse systems: five production systems and a successional system or abandoned agronomic field. Assessment factors were soil quality status, amount of pesticide and fertilizer applied and tillage intensity. The assessment identified the best management practices (BMP)–conventional tillage system as a high-risk system mostly because of extensive tillage. The certified organic system was also extensively tilled and was characterized by P build-up in the soil, but performed well based on other assessment factors. Conversely, the BMP–no tillage and the crop–animal integrated system were characterized as low risk mainly because of reduced tillage. The paper discusses assessment strengths and weaknesses, ways to improve indicators used, and the need for additional indicators. We concluded that with further development the technique will become a resourceful tool to promote agricultural sustainability and environmental stewardship and assist policy-making processes.

Keywords

environmental impact assessmentenvironmental risk indicatorsagricultural production systemssoil qualitylarge-scale systems experimentbest management practicesfarming systems
Type
Research Papers
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , September 2009 , pp. 234 - 243
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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