page 165 note 1 Wedderburn, A. J. M.; ‘Rom. 8.26 – Towards a theology of glossolalia?’, SJT, 28, 1975, p. 371.
page 166 note 2 Käsemann, E.; An die Römer, 1974, p. 31.
page 166 note 3 Zahn, T.; Der Brief des Paulus an die Römer, 1910, p. 412; see also Greeven, H.; Gebet und Eschatologie im Nenen Testament, 1931, p. 153 where he argued that the Apostle was speaking in a hyperbole, generalising an experience which he would have had only in a limited measure. See also. Kühl, E.; An die Römer, 1913, p. 298. This explanation of uncertain knowledge of prayer is also expressed by Barrett, in A Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, 1957, p. 168.
page 166 note 4 Lagrange, P. M. J.; Épître aux Romains, 1950, p. 213.
page 166 note 5 Sanday, W. and Headlam, A. C.; A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans, 1902, p. 213.
page 166 note 6 Huby, J.; St Paul: Épître aux Romains, new ed. by Lyonnet, S., 1957 (1940), p. 303. See also Lagrange, , Epitre aux Romains, p. 211; Jülicher, A., ‘Der Brief an die Römer’ in Die Schriften des Neuen Testaments, 2, 1917, p. 284.
page 167 note 7 Käsemann, ; An die Römer, p. 231, Cranfield, C. E. B.; The Epistle to the Romans Vol. 1, 1975, p. 421.
page 167 note 8 Barrett, ; 2 Corinthians, 1973, p. 314.
page 168 note 9 Pesch, R., Naheruiartungen. Tradition und Redaktion in Mark. 13, (Düsseldorf), 1968, p. 133; Schmid, J., The Gospel according to Mark, 1968, p. 237.
page 169 note 10 Trites, A. A., The New Testament Concept of Witness, London, 1977, p. 21; see also Harvey, A., Jesus on Trial. A Study in the Fourth Gospel, London 1976, esp. pp. 107–111.
page 169 note 11 Harvey, , Jesus on Trial, p. 109.
page 169 note 12 Falk, Z. W., Hebrew Law in Biblical Times, 1964, p. 70.
page 169 note 13 Falk, , Introduction to Jewish Law of the 2nd Commonwealth, 1, 1972, p. 104.
page 169 note 14 Betz, O., Der Paraklet, 1963, pp. 73–116 where he deals with intercession; he scarcely distinguishes witnessing from intercession.
page 170 note 15 Behm, , TDNT, 5, p. 803.
page 170 note 16 Holwerda, D. E., The Holy Spirit and Eschatology in the Gospel of John, 1959, p. 58.
page 171 note 17 Although a note of advocacy is present in Mark 13.11 John 15.26f. and John 16.8–11, it would not be right to equate them to the intercession of Rom. 8.26f. (1) A sense of proclamation of the Gospel is involved in the Markan and Johannine passages which is not present in the Roman passage. (2) The Spirit's intercession in Rom. 8.26 is linked to prayer but the Gospel allusions have no prayer connotation.
page 171 note 18 Some scholars, thinking that in John 4.23, 24, Jesus was contrasting external worship with inward worship, have taken ‘spirit’ to refer to the human spirit. These include Morris, L., John, 1972, p. 270; Hendriksen, W., John, 1973, p. 167; Johnston, G., The Spirit — Paraclete in the Gospel of John, 1970, p. 45. But this is an erroneous view. In Greek NT, the term without a qualifier usually means the Holy Spirit. Besides in John, πνευ^μα denotes the sphere of divine essence and occurrence as distinct from human (3.6–8). See Brown, R., John, 1, 1970, p. 180; Schnackenburg, , Die Johannesbriefe, 1963, p. 437; Barrett, , John, 1955, p. 199; Dunn, , Jesus and the Spirit, 1975, p. 353.
page 172 note 19 Mitton, C. L., Ephesians (NCB), 1976, p. 228.
page 172 note 20 E. Käsemann sees Rom. 18–27 as an apocalyptic passage with vv. 26, 27 as its climax. Käsemann, , Romans, 1980, pp. 230–239; Paulinische Perspektiven, 1969, p. 233. See also Schniewind, J., ‘Das Seufzen des Geistes. Rom. 8.26, 27’ NRA, 1952, p. 96; Hamilton, N. Q., The Holy Spirit in Eschatobgy in Paul, 1957, p. 36; Obeng, E. A., A study of Rom. 8.26f. (Ph.D. Diss. Aberdeen), 1980, pp. 250–258).
page 173 note 21 This idea is also found in the OT. More than once, we read that Israel cried to the Lord in times of disasters (Exod. 2.23; 3.7, 9; 22.23; Job 34.28 etc.). By speaking of prayer in the context of suffering, Paul was echoing an idea which goes back to OT times.
