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Archbishop Lang’s Visit to the Holy Land in 1931

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 March 2016

Garth Turner
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Extract

The overthrow of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the First World War opened a new chapter in the history of the Holy Land. New and particular local tensions arose, especially in the aftermath of the Balfour Declaration between Jews and Arabs. In the post-war settlement, the British Mandate in Palestine gave rulership to a Christian power - and one with its own established Church - for the first time since the thirteenth century. Within the Christian community itself, the rise of an ecumenical movement also changed perspectives, challenging the rivalries which were particularly evident at that central shrine of Christianity, the Holy Sepulchre. The visit of Archbishop Lang of Canterbury to Palestine and Jerusalem in 1931 illustrates the primate’s own personal responses to the experience of the Holy Land, while also reflecting the need for tact and diplomacy in dealing with a particular set of circumstances in which the presence of the leader of the Anglican communion might be seen as intrusive, even threatening, to the religious modus vivendi already established there between Christians.

Type
Research Article
Information
Studies in Church History , Volume 36: The Holy Land, Holy Lands, and Christian History , 2000 , pp. 343 - 357
Copyright
Copyright © Ecclesiastical History Society 2000

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References

1 London, Lambeth Palace Library, Letters of Archbishop Lang to Wilfrid Parker, 2884, fol. 116.

2 For him see entry in Bowman, John S., ed., The Cambridge Dictionary of American Biography (Cambridge, 1995)Google Scholar.

3 London, Lambeth Palace Library, Lang Papers [hereafter LP], vol. 191, fols 60-1.

4 Oxford, Rhodes House, MSS British Empire, s 284, Chancellor Papers [hereafter Chancellor Papers], 16/2/44.

5 Chancellor Papers 16/2/44.

6 The Lambeth Conference 1930 Encyclical Letter from the Bishops with Reports and Resolutions (London, 1930), p. 25.

7 Lockhart, J. G., Cosmo Gordon Lang (London, 1949), p. 321 Google Scholar.

8 LP, 215, fols 15, 16.

9 Ibid., 215, fols 24-8.

10 LP, 223, fols 34, 35.

11 Ibid., 223, fols 37, 38.

12 Oxford, St Anthony’s College, Jerusalem and the East Mission papers [hereafter J&EM], XL4.

13 LP, 215, fols 34-7.

14 Ibid., 223, fols 192-3.

15 Ibid., 215, fols 38, 40.

16 Ibid., 215, fols 39-42.

17 Ibid., 215, fols 43, 44.

18 Ibid., 215, fol. 76.

19 LP, 223, fol. 193.

20 J&EM, XI:3.

21 Chancellor Papers, 22/39/4.

22 Ibid., 22/39/11.

23 Ibid., 22/39/11, 12.

24 Chancellor Papers, 22/39/11-13.

25 Ibid., 22/39/4.

26 LP, 215, fols 53, 55.

27 LP, 215, fol. 48.

28 Ibid., 215, fols 57, 58.

29 Ibid., 215, fol. 61; 223, fol. 198.

30 Ibid., 215, fol. 53.

31 Ibid., 215, fol. 52; 223, fol. 196; 215, fols 54, 61.

32 Ibid., 215, fol. 66.

33 Ibid., 215, fol. 68.

34 Ibid., 215, fol. 49.

35 Ibid., 191, fol. 77.

36 Ibid., 215, fol. 55.

37 Ibid., 215, fols 65, 66.

38 Ibid., 191, fol. 73. These points are extracted from Lang’s almost illegible notes.

39 The Church Times, 105 (1931), p. 557.

40 LP, 215, fols 50, 51.

41 Ibid., 215, fols 49, 50.

42 The Times, 14 March 1931.

43 The Tablet, 21 March 1931.

44 LP, 223, fol. 283; Maclnnes in Bible Lands: the Quarterly Paper of the Jerusalem and the East Mission, 7 (July 1929), pp. 1019-20.

45 The Times, 15 April 1931.

46 Ibid.

47 Bible Lands, July 1931, p. 133.

48 LP, 215, fol. 71.

49 Ibid., 215, fol. 72.

50 Ibid., 215, fols 59, 60.

51 Ibid., 215, fol. 62.

52 LP, 215, fols 74, 75.

53 Ibid., 215, fols 75-6.

54 Ibid., 215, fols 79-84.

55 Ibid., 215, fols 84, 85.

56 Ibid., 215, fols 85, 86. For Uniat Churches, see articles in ODCC.

57 LP, 215, fols 86-94.

58 LP, 215, fols 89, 92-3. For British attitudes see Sherman, A. J., Mandate Days: British Lives in Palestine, 1918-1948 (London, 1997), pp. 25–30 Google Scholar.

59 Parliamentary Debates (Lords), 5th ser., 106 (London, 1937), cols 645-53.

60 Ibid., 5th ser., III (London, 1939), col. 435.

61 Ibid., cols 431-5.

62 LP, 215, fol. 47.

63 E.g. The Times, 15 March, 15-18 April 1931; The Guardian, 24 April 1931; The Church Times, 21 March 1931; The Tablet, 21 March 1931; The Catholic Herald, 25 April 1931.

64 LP, 223, fol. 197.

65 Bible Lands, July 1931, pp. 133-5.