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van der Knaap, Noortje J. F. Klumpers, Floris El Marroun, Hanan Mous, Sabine Schubert, Dirk Jaddoe, Vincent Hofman, Albert Homberg, Judith R. Tiemeier, Henning White, Tonya and Fernández, Guillén 2018. Maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy are associated with amygdala hyperresponsivity in children. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 27, Issue. 1, p. 57.
Capron, Lauren E. Ramchandani, Paul G. and Glover, Vivette 2018. Maternal prenatal stress and placental gene expression of NR3C1 and HSD11B2 : The effects of maternal ethnicity. Psychoneuroendocrinology, Vol. 87, p. 166.
McAllister-Williams, R Hamish Baldwin, David S Cantwell, Roch Easter, Abby Gilvarry, Eilish Glover, Vivette Green, Lucian Gregoire, Alain Howard, Louise M Jones, Ian Khalifeh, Hind Lingford-Hughes, Anne McDonald, Elizabeth Micali, Nadia Pariante, Carmine M Peters, Lesley Roberts, Ann Smith, Natalie C Taylor, David Wieck, Angelika Yates, Laura M and Young, Allan H 2017. British Association for Psychopharmacology consensus guidance on the use of psychotropic medication preconception, in pregnancy and postpartum 2017. Journal of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 31, Issue. 5, p. 519.
Gentile, Salvatore and Fusco, Maria Luigia 2017. Placental and fetal effects of antenatal exposure to antidepressants or untreated maternal depression. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, Vol. 30, Issue. 10, p. 1189.
Ofonedu, Mirian E. Belcher, Harolyn M. E. Budhathoki, Chakra and Gross, Deborah A. 2017. Understanding Barriers to Initial Treatment Engagement among Underserved Families Seeking Mental Health Services. Journal of Child and Family Studies, Vol. 26, Issue. 3, p. 863.
Pariante, Carmine M. 2017. Why are depressed patients inflamed? A reflection on 20 years of research on depression, glucocorticoid resistance and inflammation. European Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 27, Issue. 6, p. 554.
Lin, Qingmei Hou, Xiang-Yu Yin, Xiao-Na Wen, Guo-Min Sun, Dengli Xian, Dan-Xia Fan, Lijun Jiang, Hui Jing, Jin Jin, Yu Wu, Chuan-An and Chen, Wei-Qing 2017. Prenatal Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Hyperactivity Behavior in Chinese Young Children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 14, Issue. 10, p. 1132.
Plant, Dominic T Pawlby, Susan Pariante, Carmine M and Jones, Fergal W 2017. When one childhood meets another – maternal childhood trauma and offspring child psychopathology: A systematic review. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, p. 135910451774218.
Van den Bergh, Bea R.H. van den Heuvel, Marion I. Lahti, Marius Braeken, Marijke de Rooij, Susanne R. Entringer, Sonja Hoyer, Dirk Roseboom, Tessa Räikkönen, Katri King, Suzanne and Schwab, Matthias 2017. Prenatal developmental origins of behavior and mental health: The influence of maternal stress in pregnancy. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Du Preez, A. Leveson, J. Zunszain, P. A. and Pariante, C. M. 2016. Inflammatory insults and mental health consequences: does timing matter when it comes to depression?. Psychological Medicine, Vol. 46, Issue. 10, p. 2041.
Plant, D T Pawlby, S Sharp, D Zunszain, P A and Pariante, C M 2016. Prenatal maternal depression is associated with offspring inflammation at 25 years: a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Translational Psychiatry, Vol. 6, Issue. 11, p. e936.
Biaggi, Alessandra Conroy, Susan Pawlby, Susan and Pariante, Carmine M. 2016. Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 191, p. 62.
Ibanez, Gladys Bernard, Jonathan Y. Rondet, Claire Peyre, Hugo Forhan, Anne Kaminski, Monique Saurel-Cubizolles, Marie-Josèphe and Tsuchiya, Kenji J 2015. Effects of Antenatal Maternal Depression and Anxiety on Children’s Early Cognitive Development: A Prospective Cohort Study. PLOS ONE, Vol. 10, Issue. 8, p. e0135849.
Capron, Lauren E. Glover, Vivette Pearson, Rebecca M. Evans, Jonathan O’Connor, Thomas G. Stein, Alan Murphy, Susannah E. and Ramchandani, Paul G. 2015. Associations of maternal and paternal antenatal mood with offspring anxiety disorder at age 18 years. Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 187, p. 20.
Gobinath, Aarthi R. Mahmoud, Rand and Galea, Liisa A.M. 2015. Influence of sex and stress exposure across the lifespan on endophenotypes of depression: focus on behavior, glucocorticoids, and hippocampus. Frontiers in Neuroscience, Vol. 8,
Elovainio, Marko Pulkki-Råback, Laura Hakulinen, Christian Ferrie, Jane E Jokela, Markus Hintsanen, Mirka Raitakari, Olli T and Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa 2015. Childhood and adolescence risk factors and development of depressive symptoms: the 32-year prospective Young Finns follow-up study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Vol. 69, Issue. 11, p. 1109.
Roberts, Andrea L. Chen, Ying Slopen, Natalie McLaughlin, Katie A. Koenen, Karestan C. and Austin, Sydney Bryn 2015. MATERNAL EXPERIENCE OF ABUSE IN CHILDHOOD AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN ADOLESCENT AND ADULT OFFSPRING: A 21-YEAR LONGITUDINAL STUDY. Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 32, Issue. 10, p. 709.
Betts, Kim S. Williams, Gail M. Najman, Jakob M. and Alati, Rosa 2015. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MATERNAL DEPRESSIVE, ANXIOUS, AND STRESS SYMPTOMS DURING PREGNANCY AND ADULT OFFSPRING BEHAVIORAL AND EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS. Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 32, Issue. 2, p. 82.
Olivier, Jocelien D.A. Åkerud, Helena and Sundström Poromaa, Inger 2015. Antenatal depression and antidepressants during pregnancy: Unraveling the complex interactions for the offspring. European Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 753, p. 257.
Antenatal depression and childhood maltreatment have each been associated with offspring psychopathology, but have never been examined in the same sample.
To determine whether childhood maltreatment influences the association between antenatal depression and offspring psychopathology.
Prospectively collected data on antenatal depression, offspring maltreatment (age 11) and offspring psychopathology (age 11 and 16) were analysed in 120 mother–offspring dyads from the community-based South London Child Development Study.
Antenatal depression increased the risk of maltreatment in the offspring by almost four times. Children exposed only to antenatal depression or only to childhood maltreatment were no more at risk of developing psychopathology; however, children exposed to both antenatal depression and childhood maltreatment were at almost 12 times greater risk of developing psychopathology than offspring not so exposed.
Research investigating exposure to adverse events in utero and offspring psychopathology should take account of postnatal adverse events such as maltreatment.
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van der Knaap, Noortje J. F. Klumpers, Floris El Marroun, Hanan Mous, Sabine Schubert, Dirk Jaddoe, Vincent Hofman, Albert Homberg, Judith R. Tiemeier, Henning White, Tonya and Fernández, Guillén 2018. Maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy are associated with amygdala hyperresponsivity in children. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Vol. 27, Issue. 1, p. 57.
Capron, Lauren E. Ramchandani, Paul G. and Glover, Vivette 2018. Maternal prenatal stress and placental gene expression of NR3C1 and HSD11B2 : The effects of maternal ethnicity. Psychoneuroendocrinology, Vol. 87, p. 166.
McAllister-Williams, R Hamish Baldwin, David S Cantwell, Roch Easter, Abby Gilvarry, Eilish Glover, Vivette Green, Lucian Gregoire, Alain Howard, Louise M Jones, Ian Khalifeh, Hind Lingford-Hughes, Anne McDonald, Elizabeth Micali, Nadia Pariante, Carmine M Peters, Lesley Roberts, Ann Smith, Natalie C Taylor, David Wieck, Angelika Yates, Laura M and Young, Allan H 2017. British Association for Psychopharmacology consensus guidance on the use of psychotropic medication preconception, in pregnancy and postpartum 2017. Journal of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 31, Issue. 5, p. 519.
Gentile, Salvatore and Fusco, Maria Luigia 2017. Placental and fetal effects of antenatal exposure to antidepressants or untreated maternal depression. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, Vol. 30, Issue. 10, p. 1189.
Ofonedu, Mirian E. Belcher, Harolyn M. E. Budhathoki, Chakra and Gross, Deborah A. 2017. Understanding Barriers to Initial Treatment Engagement among Underserved Families Seeking Mental Health Services. Journal of Child and Family Studies, Vol. 26, Issue. 3, p. 863.
Pariante, Carmine M. 2017. Why are depressed patients inflamed? A reflection on 20 years of research on depression, glucocorticoid resistance and inflammation. European Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 27, Issue. 6, p. 554.
Lin, Qingmei Hou, Xiang-Yu Yin, Xiao-Na Wen, Guo-Min Sun, Dengli Xian, Dan-Xia Fan, Lijun Jiang, Hui Jing, Jin Jin, Yu Wu, Chuan-An and Chen, Wei-Qing 2017. Prenatal Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Hyperactivity Behavior in Chinese Young Children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 14, Issue. 10, p. 1132.
Plant, Dominic T Pawlby, Susan Pariante, Carmine M and Jones, Fergal W 2017. When one childhood meets another – maternal childhood trauma and offspring child psychopathology: A systematic review. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, p. 135910451774218.
Van den Bergh, Bea R.H. van den Heuvel, Marion I. Lahti, Marius Braeken, Marijke de Rooij, Susanne R. Entringer, Sonja Hoyer, Dirk Roseboom, Tessa Räikkönen, Katri King, Suzanne and Schwab, Matthias 2017. Prenatal developmental origins of behavior and mental health: The influence of maternal stress in pregnancy. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Du Preez, A. Leveson, J. Zunszain, P. A. and Pariante, C. M. 2016. Inflammatory insults and mental health consequences: does timing matter when it comes to depression?. Psychological Medicine, Vol. 46, Issue. 10, p. 2041.
Plant, D T Pawlby, S Sharp, D Zunszain, P A and Pariante, C M 2016. Prenatal maternal depression is associated with offspring inflammation at 25 years: a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Translational Psychiatry, Vol. 6, Issue. 11, p. e936.
Biaggi, Alessandra Conroy, Susan Pawlby, Susan and Pariante, Carmine M. 2016. Identifying the women at risk of antenatal anxiety and depression: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 191, p. 62.
Ibanez, Gladys Bernard, Jonathan Y. Rondet, Claire Peyre, Hugo Forhan, Anne Kaminski, Monique Saurel-Cubizolles, Marie-Josèphe and Tsuchiya, Kenji J 2015. Effects of Antenatal Maternal Depression and Anxiety on Children’s Early Cognitive Development: A Prospective Cohort Study. PLOS ONE, Vol. 10, Issue. 8, p. e0135849.
Capron, Lauren E. Glover, Vivette Pearson, Rebecca M. Evans, Jonathan O’Connor, Thomas G. Stein, Alan Murphy, Susannah E. and Ramchandani, Paul G. 2015. Associations of maternal and paternal antenatal mood with offspring anxiety disorder at age 18 years. Journal of Affective Disorders, Vol. 187, p. 20.
Gobinath, Aarthi R. Mahmoud, Rand and Galea, Liisa A.M. 2015. Influence of sex and stress exposure across the lifespan on endophenotypes of depression: focus on behavior, glucocorticoids, and hippocampus. Frontiers in Neuroscience, Vol. 8,
Elovainio, Marko Pulkki-Råback, Laura Hakulinen, Christian Ferrie, Jane E Jokela, Markus Hintsanen, Mirka Raitakari, Olli T and Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa 2015. Childhood and adolescence risk factors and development of depressive symptoms: the 32-year prospective Young Finns follow-up study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, Vol. 69, Issue. 11, p. 1109.
Roberts, Andrea L. Chen, Ying Slopen, Natalie McLaughlin, Katie A. Koenen, Karestan C. and Austin, Sydney Bryn 2015. MATERNAL EXPERIENCE OF ABUSE IN CHILDHOOD AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN ADOLESCENT AND ADULT OFFSPRING: A 21-YEAR LONGITUDINAL STUDY. Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 32, Issue. 10, p. 709.
Betts, Kim S. Williams, Gail M. Najman, Jakob M. and Alati, Rosa 2015. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MATERNAL DEPRESSIVE, ANXIOUS, AND STRESS SYMPTOMS DURING PREGNANCY AND ADULT OFFSPRING BEHAVIORAL AND EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS. Depression and Anxiety, Vol. 32, Issue. 2, p. 82.
Olivier, Jocelien D.A. Åkerud, Helena and Sundström Poromaa, Inger 2015. Antenatal depression and antidepressants during pregnancy: Unraveling the complex interactions for the offspring. European Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 753, p. 257.
Manjeet S. Bhatia
21 October 2011
The article by Susan Pawlby et al is an excellent one and gives new insight into many aspects of antenatal depression and offspring psychopathology. It is a prospective study and longitudinally covers many areas of antenatal depression, childhood maltreatment and subsequent psychopathology.There are. however some limitations. Firstly, there must have been a longitudinal control of subjects having depression but not associated with pregnancy and also a group of pregnant subjects without depression and then effects on childhood psychopathology, and also a control group of children facing antenatal depression but having no psychopathology. Secondly, maternal depression was first assessed at36 weeks of pregnancy and not earlier (because there may be change in severity of depression in every trimester)and then assessment was done at 3 months after delivery (as many cases of antenatal depression and postpartum depression may subside in this period)and then at 12 months postpartum ( which is longer than average duration of postpartum depression).Thirdly, children's experience of maltreatment was taken in preceding 3 months prior to interview at 11 years only. Fourthly, the reason of assessment of maternal history of childhood physical and/or sexual abuse 4 years after birth of offspring not mentioned. Fifthly, the details of rating scale for emotional security would have been more informative. Sixthly, many variables e.g. biological parent versus step parent, only parent/parent living without spouse, inclusion of both parents in study, antenatal depression as a mediator or moderator,effects of antenatal depression on different sibling order, factors associated with continuation of antenatal depression in postpartum period would have been more informative. This study however stresses many important points regarding treatment of depression in antenatal period and need of future studies about continuity of antenatal, perinatal and postnatal depression and its impact on offspring psychopathology. ... More
Conflict of interest: None declared
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