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Lysaker, Paul H. Pattison, Michelle L. Leonhardt, Bethany L. Phelps, Scott and Vohs, Jenifer L. 2018. Insight in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: relationship with behavior, mood and perceived quality of life, underlying causes and emerging treatments. World Psychiatry, Vol. 17, Issue. 1, p. 12.
Kor, Patrick P. K. Chien, Wai Tong Liu, Justina Y. W. and Lai, Claudia K. Y. 2018. Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Stress Reduction of Family Caregivers of People with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mindfulness, Vol. 9, Issue. 1, p. 7.
Chien, W. T. Bressington, D. Yip, A. and Karatzias, T. 2017. An international multi-site, randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness-based psychoeducation group programme for people with schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, Vol. 47, Issue. 12, p. 2081.
Louise, Stephanie Fitzpatrick, Molly Strauss, Clara Rossell, Susan L. and Thomas, Neil 2017. Mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions for psychosis: Our current understanding and a meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research,
Martins, Maria João Castilho, Paula Santos, Vitor and Gumley, Andrew 2017. Schizophrenia: An Exploration of an Acceptance, Mindfulness, and Compassion-based Group Intervention. Australian Psychologist, Vol. 52, Issue. 6, p. 514.
Xu, Ziyan Huang, Fangfang Kösters, Markus and Rüsch, Nicolas 2017. Challenging mental health related stigma in China: Systematic review and meta-analysis. II. Interventions among people with mental illness. Psychiatry Research, Vol. 255, p. 457.
Ivtzan, Itai Young, Tarli Lee, Hoi Ching Lomas, Tim Daukantaitė, Daiva and Kjell, Oscar N. E. 2017. Mindfulness Based Flourishing Program: A Cross-Cultural Study of Hong Kong Chinese and British Participants. Journal of Happiness Studies,
Aust, J. and Bradshaw, T. 2017. Mindfulness interventions for psychosis: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Vol. 24, Issue. 1, p. 69.
Yılmaz, Emine and Okanlı, Ayşe 2017. Test of Mindfulness-Based Psychosocial Skills Training to İmprove Insight and Functional Recovery in Schizophrenia. Western Journal of Nursing Research, p. 019394591769722.
Rayan, Ahmad Hussien Rateb 2017. Mindfulness, Quality of Life, and Severity of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, Vol. 55, Issue. 5, p. 40.
Ho, Rainbow T. H. Wan, Adrian H. Y. Chan, Jessie S. M. Ng, S. M. Chung, K. F. and Chan, Cecilia L. W. 2017. Study protocol on comparative effectiveness of mindfulness meditation and qigong on psychophysiological outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol. 17, Issue. 1,
Cramer, Holger Lauche, Romy Haller, Heidemarie Langhorst, Jost and Dobos, Gustav 2016. Mindfulness- and Acceptance-based Interventions for Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Global Advances in Health and Medicine, Vol. 5, Issue. 1, p. 30.
Chien, Wai Tong Mui, Jolene Gray, Richard and Cheung, Eric 2016. Adherence therapy versus routine psychiatric care for people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry, Vol. 16, Issue. 1,
Lien, Y.-J. Chang, H.-A. Kao, Y.-C. Tzeng, N.-S. Lu, C.-W. and Loh, C.-H. 2016. Insight, self-stigma and psychosocial outcomes in Schizophrenia: a structural equation modelling approach. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, p. 1.
Demily, Caroline and Franck, Nicolas 2016. Cognitive behavioral therapy in 22q11.2 microdeletion with psychotic symptoms: What do we learn from schizophrenia?. European Journal of Medical Genetics, Vol. 59, Issue. 11, p. 596.
Matsuda, Mitsunobu and Kohno, Ayumi 2016. Effects of the Nursing Psychoeducation Program on the Acceptance of Medication and Condition-Specific Knowledge of Patients with Schizophrenia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, Vol. 30, Issue. 5, p. 581.
Chien, Wai Tong Yip, Annie L.K. Liu, Justina Y.W. and McMaster, Terry W. 2016. The effectiveness of manual-guided, problem-solving-based self-learning programme for family caregivers of people with recent-onset psychosis: A randomised controlled trial with 6-month follow-up. International Journal of Nursing Studies, Vol. 59, p. 141.
Simon, Rozalyn and Engström, Maria 2015. The default mode network as a biomarker for monitoring the therapeutic effects of meditation. Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 06,
Chien, Wai Tong Mui, Jolene HC Cheung, Eric FC and Gray, Richard 2015. Effects of motivational interviewing-based adherence therapy for schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a randomized controlled trial. Trials, Vol. 16, Issue. 1,
Chien, Wai-Tong and Bressington, Daniel 2015. A randomized controlled clinical trial of a nurse-led structured psychosocial intervention program for people with first-onset mental illness in psychiatric outpatient clinics. Psychiatry Research, Vol. 229, Issue. 1-2, p. 277.
Psychoeducation programmes for people with schizophrenia are shown to reduce relapses but few studies have indicated significant improvements in patients' illness awareness and insight, functioning, symptom severity or rates of readmission to hospital.
To examine the effects of a mindfulness-based psychoeducation programme for Chinese people with schizophrenia.
A multisite randomised controlled trial was conducted with 107 out-patients with schizophrenia: 36 and 35 received a 6-month mindfulness-based psychoeducation and a conventional psychoeducation programme, respectively, and 35 received routine care alone. Patient outcome measures were psychiatric symptom severity, psychosocial functioning, social support, insight into illness/treatment, and frequency and duration of readmissions to hospital (ClinicalTrials.gov: trial registration NCT01667601).
The mindfulness-based psychoeducation group reported significantly greater improvements in psychiatric symptoms, psychosocial functioning, insight into illness/treatment and duration of readmissions to hospital over 24 months when compared with the other two groups.
Mindfulness-based psychoeducation appears to be a promising approach to treatment for Chinese patients with schizophrenia.
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Lysaker, Paul H. Pattison, Michelle L. Leonhardt, Bethany L. Phelps, Scott and Vohs, Jenifer L. 2018. Insight in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: relationship with behavior, mood and perceived quality of life, underlying causes and emerging treatments. World Psychiatry, Vol. 17, Issue. 1, p. 12.
Kor, Patrick P. K. Chien, Wai Tong Liu, Justina Y. W. and Lai, Claudia K. Y. 2018. Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Stress Reduction of Family Caregivers of People with Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mindfulness, Vol. 9, Issue. 1, p. 7.
Chien, W. T. Bressington, D. Yip, A. and Karatzias, T. 2017. An international multi-site, randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness-based psychoeducation group programme for people with schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, Vol. 47, Issue. 12, p. 2081.
Louise, Stephanie Fitzpatrick, Molly Strauss, Clara Rossell, Susan L. and Thomas, Neil 2017. Mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions for psychosis: Our current understanding and a meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research,
Martins, Maria João Castilho, Paula Santos, Vitor and Gumley, Andrew 2017. Schizophrenia: An Exploration of an Acceptance, Mindfulness, and Compassion-based Group Intervention. Australian Psychologist, Vol. 52, Issue. 6, p. 514.
Xu, Ziyan Huang, Fangfang Kösters, Markus and Rüsch, Nicolas 2017. Challenging mental health related stigma in China: Systematic review and meta-analysis. II. Interventions among people with mental illness. Psychiatry Research, Vol. 255, p. 457.
Ivtzan, Itai Young, Tarli Lee, Hoi Ching Lomas, Tim Daukantaitė, Daiva and Kjell, Oscar N. E. 2017. Mindfulness Based Flourishing Program: A Cross-Cultural Study of Hong Kong Chinese and British Participants. Journal of Happiness Studies,
Aust, J. and Bradshaw, T. 2017. Mindfulness interventions for psychosis: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Vol. 24, Issue. 1, p. 69.
Yılmaz, Emine and Okanlı, Ayşe 2017. Test of Mindfulness-Based Psychosocial Skills Training to İmprove Insight and Functional Recovery in Schizophrenia. Western Journal of Nursing Research, p. 019394591769722.
Rayan, Ahmad Hussien Rateb 2017. Mindfulness, Quality of Life, and Severity of Depressive Symptoms Among Patients With Schizophrenia and Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, Vol. 55, Issue. 5, p. 40.
Ho, Rainbow T. H. Wan, Adrian H. Y. Chan, Jessie S. M. Ng, S. M. Chung, K. F. and Chan, Cecilia L. W. 2017. Study protocol on comparative effectiveness of mindfulness meditation and qigong on psychophysiological outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol. 17, Issue. 1,
Cramer, Holger Lauche, Romy Haller, Heidemarie Langhorst, Jost and Dobos, Gustav 2016. Mindfulness- and Acceptance-based Interventions for Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Global Advances in Health and Medicine, Vol. 5, Issue. 1, p. 30.
Chien, Wai Tong Mui, Jolene Gray, Richard and Cheung, Eric 2016. Adherence therapy versus routine psychiatric care for people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry, Vol. 16, Issue. 1,
Lien, Y.-J. Chang, H.-A. Kao, Y.-C. Tzeng, N.-S. Lu, C.-W. and Loh, C.-H. 2016. Insight, self-stigma and psychosocial outcomes in Schizophrenia: a structural equation modelling approach. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, p. 1.
Demily, Caroline and Franck, Nicolas 2016. Cognitive behavioral therapy in 22q11.2 microdeletion with psychotic symptoms: What do we learn from schizophrenia?. European Journal of Medical Genetics, Vol. 59, Issue. 11, p. 596.
Matsuda, Mitsunobu and Kohno, Ayumi 2016. Effects of the Nursing Psychoeducation Program on the Acceptance of Medication and Condition-Specific Knowledge of Patients with Schizophrenia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, Vol. 30, Issue. 5, p. 581.
Chien, Wai Tong Yip, Annie L.K. Liu, Justina Y.W. and McMaster, Terry W. 2016. The effectiveness of manual-guided, problem-solving-based self-learning programme for family caregivers of people with recent-onset psychosis: A randomised controlled trial with 6-month follow-up. International Journal of Nursing Studies, Vol. 59, p. 141.
Simon, Rozalyn and Engström, Maria 2015. The default mode network as a biomarker for monitoring the therapeutic effects of meditation. Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 06,
Chien, Wai Tong Mui, Jolene HC Cheung, Eric FC and Gray, Richard 2015. Effects of motivational interviewing-based adherence therapy for schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a randomized controlled trial. Trials, Vol. 16, Issue. 1,
Chien, Wai-Tong and Bressington, Daniel 2015. A randomized controlled clinical trial of a nurse-led structured psychosocial intervention program for people with first-onset mental illness in psychiatric outpatient clinics. Psychiatry Research, Vol. 229, Issue. 1-2, p. 277.
Cecilia Chun, Lecturer, The University of Hong Kong
17 September 2015
The controlled trial tested the effects of a mindfulness-based psycho-education programme for Chinese outpatients with schizophrenia on a wide variety of patient outcomes, including their mental and psychosocial functioning, insights into illness and re-hospitalisation rates, over a long-term (18 months) follow-up. The programme was an integrated, insight-inducing educational programme that addressed patients’ awareness and knowledge of schizophrenia and skills of illness management. The findings suggest that people with schizophrenia may not be distressed by the occurrence of psychotic symptoms but the meaning they construct. With only a few clinical trials, it is important to have this evidence suggesting that mindfulness-based education can be effective not only in recurrently depressed patients but also in schizophrenia sufferers. However, it is noteworthy that these improvements might be a combined effect of mindfulness training, psycho-education and problem-solving, all of which are considered therapeutic factors in previous psychosocial interventions.
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Conflict of interest: None Declared
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