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    This article has been cited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by CrossRef.
    Adriaanse, Marcia van Domburgh, Lieke Wijbrand Hoek, Hans Susser, Ezra Doreleijers, Theo A. H. and Veling, Wim 2018. Psychotische ervaringen bij jeugdigen met een migratieachtergrond: prevalentie, impact en culturele context. Kind en adolescent, Vol. 39, Issue. 2, p. 92.
    Kokona, A. Tarricone, I. Di Forti, M. and Carra, E. 2017. Handbook of Cannabis and Related Pathologies. p. 79.
    Pallaveshi, Luljeta Jwely, Ahmed Subramanian, Priya Malik, Mai Odelia Alia, Lueda and Rudnick, Abraham 2017. Immigration and Psychosis: an Exploratory Study. Journal of International Migration and Integration, Vol. 18, Issue. 4, p. 1149.
    Adriaanse, M. van Domburgh, L. Hoek, H. W. Susser, E. Doreleijers, T. A. H. and Veling, W. 2015. Prevalence, impact and cultural context of psychotic experiences among ethnic minority youth. Psychological Medicine, Vol. 45, Issue. 03, p. 637.
    Otero, Soraya Moreno-Iniguez, Miguel Payá, Beatriz Castro-Fornieles, Josefina Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana Baeza, Inmaculada Mayoral, María Graell, Montserrat and Arango-López, Celso 2011. Twelve-month follow-up of family communication and psychopathology in children and adolescents with a first psychotic episode (CAFEPS study). Psychiatry Research, Vol. 185, Issue. 1-2, p. 72.
    Vesga-López, Oriana Weder, Natalie D. Jean-Baptiste, Michel and Dominguez, Lourdes 2009. Safe Return to Homeland of an Illegal Immigrant with Psychosis. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, Vol. 15, Issue. 1, p. 64.
    Cantor-Graae, Elizabeth 2007. The Contribution of Social Factors to the Development of Schizophrenia: A Review of Recent Findings. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 52, Issue. 5, p. 277.
    Dealberto, M.J. 2007. Why are immigrants at increased risk for psychosis? Vitamin D insufficiency, epigenetic mechanisms, or both?. Medical Hypotheses, Vol. 68, Issue. 2, p. 259.
    Selten, Jean-Paul Cantor-Graae, Elizabeth and Kahn, René S 2007. Migration and schizophrenia. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Vol. 20, Issue. 2, p. 111.
    Kinzie, J. David 2006. Immigrants and Refugees: The Psychiatric Perspective. Transcultural Psychiatry, Vol. 43, Issue. 4, p. 577.
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Migration, family dysfunction and psychotic symptoms in children and adolescents

  • Luis R. Patino (a1), Jean-Paul Selten (a2), Herman van Engeland (a2), Jan H. M. Duyx (a2), René S. Kahn (a2) and Huibert Burger (a1)...
Summary

A cross-sectional study of 3426 referred children and adolescents showed that the presence of both migration history and family dysfunction was associated with a fourfold (95% CI 2–9) higher risk of psychotic symptoms compared with the absence of these factors. The relative risk was 2 (95% CI 1–4) for migration history only. Interaction between migration history and family dysfunction accounted for 58% (95% CI 5–91%) of those with psychotic symptoms. These results suggest a relationship between family dysfunction and migration in the development of psychosis.

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Copyright
COPYRIGHT: © 2005 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 
Corresponding author
Dr Huibert Burger, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Tel: +31 30 250 7280; fax: + 31 30 250 5480; e-mail: H.Burger@umcutrecht.nl
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Declaration of interest

None.

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References
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Cantor-Graae, E., Pedersen, C. B., McNeil, T. F., et al (2003) Migration as arisk factor for schizophrenia: a Danish population-based cohort study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 182, 117–122.
Mallett, R., Leff, J., Bhugra, D., et al (2002) Social environment, ethnicity and schizophrenia. A case-control study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 37, 329–335.
Rothman, K. J. (1986) Modern Epidemiology. Boston, MA: Little Brown.
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Yung, A. R., Phillips, L. J., McGorry, P. D., et al (1998) Prediction of psychosis. A step towards indicated prevention of schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 172 (suppl. 33), 14–20.
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  • Cited by 10
  • Cited by
    Crossref Citations
    Crossref logo
    This article has been cited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by CrossRef.
    Adriaanse, Marcia van Domburgh, Lieke Wijbrand Hoek, Hans Susser, Ezra Doreleijers, Theo A. H. and Veling, Wim 2018. Psychotische ervaringen bij jeugdigen met een migratieachtergrond: prevalentie, impact en culturele context. Kind en adolescent, Vol. 39, Issue. 2, p. 92.
    Kokona, A. Tarricone, I. Di Forti, M. and Carra, E. 2017. Handbook of Cannabis and Related Pathologies. p. 79.
    Pallaveshi, Luljeta Jwely, Ahmed Subramanian, Priya Malik, Mai Odelia Alia, Lueda and Rudnick, Abraham 2017. Immigration and Psychosis: an Exploratory Study. Journal of International Migration and Integration, Vol. 18, Issue. 4, p. 1149.
    Adriaanse, M. van Domburgh, L. Hoek, H. W. Susser, E. Doreleijers, T. A. H. and Veling, W. 2015. Prevalence, impact and cultural context of psychotic experiences among ethnic minority youth. Psychological Medicine, Vol. 45, Issue. 03, p. 637.
    Otero, Soraya Moreno-Iniguez, Miguel Payá, Beatriz Castro-Fornieles, Josefina Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana Baeza, Inmaculada Mayoral, María Graell, Montserrat and Arango-López, Celso 2011. Twelve-month follow-up of family communication and psychopathology in children and adolescents with a first psychotic episode (CAFEPS study). Psychiatry Research, Vol. 185, Issue. 1-2, p. 72.
    Vesga-López, Oriana Weder, Natalie D. Jean-Baptiste, Michel and Dominguez, Lourdes 2009. Safe Return to Homeland of an Illegal Immigrant with Psychosis. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, Vol. 15, Issue. 1, p. 64.
    Cantor-Graae, Elizabeth 2007. The Contribution of Social Factors to the Development of Schizophrenia: A Review of Recent Findings. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 52, Issue. 5, p. 277.
    Dealberto, M.J. 2007. Why are immigrants at increased risk for psychosis? Vitamin D insufficiency, epigenetic mechanisms, or both?. Medical Hypotheses, Vol. 68, Issue. 2, p. 259.
    Selten, Jean-Paul Cantor-Graae, Elizabeth and Kahn, René S 2007. Migration and schizophrenia. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Vol. 20, Issue. 2, p. 111.
    Kinzie, J. David 2006. Immigrants and Refugees: The Psychiatric Perspective. Transcultural Psychiatry, Vol. 43, Issue. 4, p. 577.
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Migration, family dysfunction and psychotic symptoms in children and adolescents

  • Luis R. Patino (a1), Jean-Paul Selten (a2), Herman van Engeland (a2), Jan H. M. Duyx (a2), René S. Kahn (a2) and Huibert Burger (a1)...
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