A MODIFIED PHILOSOPHICAL ARGUMENT FOR A BEGINNING OF THE UNIVERSE

¹ Craig, William Lane and Sinclair, James, ‘The Kalam Cosmological Argument’, in Craig, William Lane and Moreland, J. P. (eds), The Blackwell Companion to Natural Theology (Chichester, UK; Malden, MA, Wiley-Blackwell, 2009), 117.

² Davies, P. C. W., God and the New Physics (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1983), 11.

³ Craig and Sinclair, ‘The Kalam Cosmological Argument’, 124.

⁴ See, for example, Craig, William Lane, The Tensed Theory of Time: A Critical Examination Synthese Library 293 (Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000); ibid, The Tenseless Theory of Time: A Critical Examination Synthese Library 294 (Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000).

⁵ See, for example, Sobel, Jordan, Logic and Theism: Arguments for and against Beliefs in God (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004),182.

⁶ I thank a previous reviewer of this article for suggesting this objection.

⁷ Craig and Sinclair, ‘The Kalam Cosmological Argument’, 103–105.

⁸ Craig and Sinclair, ‘The Kalam Cosmological Argument’, 119.

⁹ Dretske, Fred, ‘Counting to infinity’, Analysis 25 (1965), 99–101.

¹⁰ Oppy, Graham, Philosophical Perspectives on Infinity (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 61.

¹¹ Craig and Sinclair, ‘The Kalam Cosmological Argument’, 118n.16.

¹² Leon, Felipe, ‘Moreland on the Impossibility of Traversing the Infinite: A Critique’, Philo 14 (2011), 32–42.

¹³ Leon, Felipe, ‘Moreland on the Impossibility of Traversing the Infinite: A Critique’, Philo 14 (2011), 32–42.

¹⁴ Cf. Oppy, Philosophical Perspectives on Infinity, 59, 63; and Oppy'sArguing about Gods (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 141–2.

¹⁵ Craig and Sinclair, ‘The Kalam Cosmological Argument’, 121–2.

¹⁶ Ibid, 104.

¹⁷ Craig and Sinclair, ‘The Kalam Cosmological Argument’, 121–2.