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The Courts and Court Rolls of St. Albans Abbey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2009

Extract

Few stories in English Economic History are better known than that of the Peasants' Revolt at St. Albans. Wat Tyler's dramatic career is indeed more familiar, but its interest has long been recognised as more strictly political than social. Kent was rising against taxation and an unpopular foreign policy rather than against manorial conditions. The maxim “In Kent there is no villenage” had just enough truth in it to put the Kentish men on a different footing from their brothers in other counties.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Historical Society 1924

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References

page 52 note 1 Gesta Abbatum, III, 328.

page 53 note 1 One or two isolated Rolls for small or sub-divided manors (e.g. Shenley) throw very little light upon the general questions of administration.

page 54 note 1 The MS. at Gorhambury is mentioned in the Report of the Hist MSS. Commission; I was very kindly given permission to use it and to make extracts; it proved to be somewhat off the usual lines. In 1240 the whole manor belonged to the Cellarer, and the Register is kept in the usual way, but by 1270 Kingsbury has been transferred to the Refector arius, while Childwick and Westwick, very small manors, remain to the Cellarer, at least until 1303, when their Registers break off.

page 58 note 1 Cf. Wheathamsted (Victoria County History).

page 58 note 2 Gray, H. L., English Field Systems.

page 59 note 1 The latter, in turn, have been summarised here because the writer hopes shortly to have an opportunity of stating and illustrating the judicial system of these Manor Courts in a volume of the publications of the British Academy.

page 60 note 1 v. list included in St. Albans Formulary Book, Camb. Univ. Library. A system of weekly “Farms” also prevailed—v. Cott. MS., Nero, D. 1, f. 182.

page 60 note 2 Select Pleas in Manorial Courts, p. xlvi.

page 61 note 1 Cf. Gorhambury Register (Kingsbury.)

page 63 note 1 For all these points cf. Gesta Abbatum, Vol. III.

page 63 note 2 Cf. Gesta Abbatum, Vol. III, p. 308: “quia nec jura civilia nec canonica de cetero frequentare cogitaverunt.”

page 64 note 1 On another occasion the Abbot consulted not only his own jurisperiti, but also the Justiciarii regionis.

page 65 note 1 The Abbey had its own Coroner.

page 65 note 2 An earlier meeting of his freeholders by knight service seems to have taken place in the church in 1260, and apparently the Court under the ash tree dealt with the question of knight service in 1327. The practice may have varied.

page 68 note 1 v. Gesta Abbatum, Vol. III, p. 262.

page 69 note 1 The villeins of the fourteenth century definitely demand a return to the status of the reign of Henry III; they evidently believed they were losing ground, and these Registers show some slight reason to suppose that they were right.

page 71 note 1 Cf. Maitland on “parol agreements” in the Court Baron.

page 71 note 2 Cf, Park: “et habent diem ad stabulum in curia Sancti Albani.”