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Nitrogen Release from Weed Residue

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Laura E. Lindsey ,
Kurt Steinke ,
Darryl D. Warncke  and
Wesley J. Everman
Laura E. Lindsey*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Kurt Steinke
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Darryl D. Warncke
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
Wesley J. Everman
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: lindsey.233@osu.edu
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Abstract

Weed residues can impact nitrogen (N) cycling in agro-ecosystems that primarily utilize POST weed control. Quantifying this potential N source or sink may influence weed control and fertilization practices. A laboratory experiment measured the rate and quantity of N release from common lambsquarters, common ragweed, and giant foxtail. Weeds were grown in the field at four N rates (0, 67, 134, or 202 kg N ha−1) and collected at two weed heights (10 or 20 cm) to give a range of residue chemical composition. Residue chemical composition parameters of carbon : N (C : N) ratio and total N, nitrate-N, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber concentration were measured and correlated with N release. Nitrogen release from weed residue mixed with soil was determined over a 12-wk period. Nitrogen was released from all weed residues at 12 wk. Prior to 12 wk, N was immobilized by giant foxtail grown with no N application. Prior to 4 wk, N was immobilized by 20-cm weeds grown with no N application. Nitrogen release from weed residue was negatively correlated with C : N ratio. Weed residue with a C : N ratio of < 19 (weeds grown with N application and 10-cm weeds) released 25 to 45% total N concentration within 2 wk and may contribute N within the growing season. Weed residue with a C : N ratio > 19 (giant foxtail and 20-cm weeds grown with no N) initially immobilized N and may not contribute N within the growing season.

Keywords

Common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. CHEALcommon ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. AMBELgiant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm. SETFAcorn, Zea mays LNitrogen immobilizationnitrogen mineralizationpostemergence
Type
Soil, Air, and Water
Information
Weed Science , Volume 61 , Issue 2 , June 2013 , pp. 334 - 340
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Current address: Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210.

References

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