Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-17T19:50:23.167Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Biological Control of Northern Jointvetch in Rice by An Endemic Fungal Disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

J. T. Daniel ,
G. E. Templeton ,
R. J. Smith Jr.  and
W. T. Fox
J. T. Daniel
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
G. E. Templeton
Affiliation:
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
R. J. Smith Jr.
Affiliation:
Agr. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. of Agr. and University of Arkansas Rice Branch Exp. Sta., Stuttgart, AR 72160
W. T. Fox
Affiliation:
Agr. Res. Serv., U.S. Dep. of Agr. and University of Arkansas Rice Branch Exp. Sta., Stuttgart, AR 72160
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An endemic anthrocnose disease of northern jointvetch [Aeschynomene virginica (L.) B.S.P.] incited by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. f. sp. aeschynomene was discovered in 1969 at Stuttgart, Arkansas. When grown on solid or in liquid media, the organism grew rapidly and sporulated abundantly. From 1970 through 1972 water sprays of the fungus spores at 2 to 15 million spores per milliliter in 94 to 374 L/ha controlled northern jointvetch grown in the growth chamber, greenhouse, and field. The fungus controlled plants ranging from 5 to 66 cm tall. The disease developed on northern jointvetch most rapidly at temperatures of 23 to 32 C and at relative humidities above 80%. An incubation period of 4 to 7 days and up to 5 weeks was usually required to kill the weeds. The fungus was specific for Aeschynomene species since it was very virulent on A. virginica and only slightly virulent on Indian jointvetch (A. indica L.). It did not affect rice (Oryza sativa L.), soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), or 12 other common field, forage, and vegetable crops or 15 common weeds.

Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 21 , Issue 4 , July 1973 , pp. 303 - 307
Copyright
Copyright © 1973 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Butler, F. C. 1951. Anthracnose and seedling blight of Bathurst burr caused by Colletotrichum xanthii Halst. Aust. J. Agr. Res. 2:401–410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Dodd, A. P. 1961. Biological control of Eupatorium adenophorum in Queensland. Aust. J. Sci. 23:356–365.Google Scholar
3. Doutt, R. L. 1964. The historical development of biological control. Pages 21–44 in DeBach, P. (ed.) Biological control of insect pests and weeds. Reinhold Pub. Corp., New York. 844 p.Google Scholar
4. Huffaker, C. B. 1957. Fundamentals of biological control of weeds. Hilgardia 27:101–157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Inman, R. E. 1971. A preliminary evaluation of Rumex rust as a biological control agent for curly-dock. Phytopathology 61:102–107.Google Scholar
6. Muzik, T. J. 1970. Biological control. Pages 207–216 in Muzik, T. J., Weed Biology and Control. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. 273 p.Google Scholar
7. National Academy of Sciences. 1968. The biological control of weeds. Pages 86–119 in Principles of plant and animal pest control, Vol. 2, Weed control. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. 471 p.Google Scholar
8. Smith, R. J. Jr. 1968. Weed competition in rice. Weed Sci. 16:252–255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Smith, R. J. Jr. and Shaw, W. C. 1968. Weeds and their control in rice production. U.S. Dep. Agr., Agr. Hand. 292. U.S. Gov. Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 64 p.Google Scholar
10. Smith, R. J. Jr. and Templeton, G. E. 1968. Response of rice to phenoxy herbicides and brown leaf spot. Arkansas Farm Res. 17(3):4.Google Scholar
11. Wilson, C. L. 1963. Persimmon wilt—friend or foe. Arkansas Farm Res. 12:9.Google Scholar
12. Wilson, C. L. 1965. Consideration of the use of persimmon wilt as a silvicide for weed persimmons. Plant Dis. Rep. 49:789–791.Google Scholar
13. Wilson, C. L. 1969. Use of plant pathogens in weed control. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 7:411–434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar