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Effect of Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) Extracts on Germination and Seedling Growth of Selected Grass and Broadleaf Species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Clifford H. Koger  and
Charles T. Bryson
Clifford H. Koger*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS Southern Weed Science Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Road, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
Charles T. Bryson
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS Southern Weed Science Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Road, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: ckoger@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

The effects of cogongrass foliage and root residue extracts on germination and radicle and coleoptile growth of barnyardgrass, browntop millet, bermudagrass, hemp sesbania, Italian ryegrass, and prickly sida were investigated in laboratory experiments. Liquid extracts of cogongrass foliage and root residues at concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8% were evaluated on bermudagrass and Italian ryegrass. Effects of 8% foliage or root residue extracts were investigated on hemp sesbania, prickly sida, barnyardgrass, and browntop millet. Cogongrass residue (foliage and root) extracts at concentrations as low as 0.5% inhibited germination and seedling growth of bermudagrass and Italian ryegrass. Germination of bermudagrass and Italian ryegrass was reduced by as much as 62% and radicle and coleoptile growth by as much as 96% at the highest extract concentrations. Foliage and root residue extracts reduced germination of barnyardgrass, browntop millet, and prickly sida 52 to 64% and seedling growth by as much as 96%. Cogongrass extracts had no effect on germination or seedling development of hemp sesbania. Results indicate that extracts of cogongrass may contain allelochemicals that may contribute to its invasiveness and extreme competitiveness.

Keywords

Barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. # ECHCGbermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. # CYNDAbrowntop millet, Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf. # PANRAcogongrass, Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. # IMPCYhemp sesbania, Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Rydb. Ex A. W. Hill # SEBEXItalian ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam. # LOLMUprickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSPAllelopathycoleoptilegerminationplant extractsplant residuesradicle
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , June 2004 , pp. 236 - 242
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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