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The Potential for Pyroxasulfone to Selectively Control Resistant and Susceptible Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) Biotypes in Australian Grain Crop Production Systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Michael J. Walsh ,
Tarnya M. Fowler ,
Bronwyn Crowe ,
Toshihiro Ambe  and
Stephen B. Powles
Michael J. Walsh*
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Tarnya M. Fowler
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Bronwyn Crowe
Affiliation:
School of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
Toshihiro Ambe
Affiliation:
Kumiai Chemical Industry, 4-26 Ikenohata 1-chome, Taitoh, Tokyo, 110-8782, Japan
Stephen B. Powles
Affiliation:
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: michael.walsh@uwa.edu.au
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Abstract

The widespread evolution of resistance in rigid ryegrass populations to the highly effective, in-crop, selective herbicides used within southern Australian grain-crop production systems has severely diminished the available herbicide resource. A new PRE grass-selective herbicide, pyroxasulfone, may offer Australian grain producers a new option for rigid ryegrass control in wheat crops. The efficacy and level of selectivity of rigid ryegrass control with pyroxasulfone was investigated for a range of annual crop species in potted-plant, dose–response studies. In comparison with other currently available PRE herbicides, pyroxasulfone provided effective control of both resistant and susceptible rigid ryegrass populations. Additionally, control of these populations was achieved at rates that had little or no effect on the growth and survival of wheat. This crop was also the most tolerant of cereal species, with triticale, barley, and oat being more injured at higher pyroxasulfone rates than wheat was. In general though, pulse-crop species were found to be more tolerant of high pyroxasulfone rates than cereal-crop species. There were subtle effects of soil type on the efficacy of pyroxasulfone, where higher rates were required to achieve effective control on soils with higher clay or organic matter contents. The ability of pyroxasulfone to selectively control resistant and susceptible rigid ryegrass populations as identified in these studies clearly indicate the potential for widespread use and success of this herbicide in Australian cropping systems.

La evolución generalizada de resistencia en poblaciones de Lolium rigidum a los herbicidas selectivos y altamente efectivos, aplicados al cultivo y utilizados en los sistemas de producción de grano del sur de Australia, ha disminuido severamente los recursos disponibles de herbicidas. El pyroxasulfone es un nuevo herbicida PRE selectivo para gramíneas, que puede ofrecer a los productores de grano australianos una nueva opción para el control de Lolium rigidum en el cultivo del trigo. Se investigó la eficacia y el nivel de selectividad de control de Lolium rigidum con pyroxasulfone para diversas especies de cultivos anuales, con estudios dosis-respuesta llevados a cabo con plantas en macetas. En comparación con otros herbicidas PRE actualmente disponibles, el pyroxasulfone proporcionó control efectivo a poblaciones resistentes y susceptibles de Lolium rigidum. Adicionalmente, se logró el control de estas poblaciones a dosis que tuvieron poco o ningún efecto en el crecimiento y supervivencia del trigo. Este cultivo fue también el más tolerante de los cereales, con triticale, cebada y avena sufriendo mayor daño a dosis mayores de pyroxasulfone que el trigo. En general, los cultivos de leguminosas resultaron ser más tolerantes a altas dosis de pyroxasulfone que los cereales. Hubo leves efectos en cuanto al tipo de suelo en la eficacia de pyroxasulfone, donde se requirieron dosis más altas para lograr el control efectivo en suelos con más alto contenido de arcilla o materia orgánica. La habilidad de pyroxasulfone para controlar selectivamente poblaciones resistentes y susceptibles de Lolium rigidum como se identificó en este estudio, claramente indica que hay potencial para el uso generalizado y el éxito de este herbicida en sistemas de cultivos en Australia.

Keywords

Pyroxasulfone (proposed common name), 3-[5-(difluoromethoxy)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-4-ylmethylsulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazole (formerly KIH-485, now BAY-191)rigid ryegrass, Lolium rigidum Gaudin LOLRIcommon barley, Hordeum vulgare L. HORVXoat, Avena sativa L. AVESAtriticale, ×Triticosecale rimpaui Wittm. TTLSScommon wheat, Triticum aestivum L. TRZAXCrop selectivityherbicide efficacyherbicide resistancetrifluralinsoil activityweed control
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 25 , Issue 1 , March 2011 , pp. 30 - 37
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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