Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-mp689 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-18T03:16:48.680Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Determining Physiological Maturation of Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) Caryopses

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Michael P. Quinn ,
Don W. Morishita  and
William J. Price
Michael P. Quinn
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, Twin Falls, ID 83303
Don W. Morishita*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Twin Falls Research and Extension Center, Twin Falls, ID 83303
William J. Price
Affiliation:
Statistical Programs, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: don@uidaho.edu.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Information on jointed goatgrass caryopsis development is currently lacking in published literature. It is hoped that through a better understanding of jointed goatgrass caryopsis ontogeny more effective weed-management strategies will be developed. Greenhouse experiments were initiated in fall 2002 and 2003 and completed the following spring seasons. Jointed goatgrass plants were started from spikelets, vernalized for 8 wk at 4 C, and grown in a greenhouse. Treatments were the number of days after anthesis (DAA) that a spike was allowed to remain on the plant before harvesting and ranged from 2 to 34 DAA, in increments of 1 (2002) or 2 (2003) d. Individual spikes were divided at harvest into three sections: top, middle, and bottom, disarticulated from the rachis, placed into a germinator, and germination recorded each day. Goatgrass spikelets germinated as early as 2 DAA, although spikelets harvested <7 DAA had <3% germination for all spike sections and were extremely variable, especially for the middle and bottom sections. Time to germination was similar for all sections of the spike. Maximum average germination of the top section was 72% compared with 86% for the bottom and middle sections. Our data suggest that factors other than developmental rate (i.e., dormancy) may affect germination in sections of the spike. A second year of the experiment was conducted for validation. Model validation suggested that although trends were similar in both years, variation in germination response might be too great for accurate, predictive model construction. The early germination shown in this research demonstrates that control measures must be implemented earlier than previously prescribed to prevent jointed goatgrass reproduction.

Keywords

Jointed goatgrass, Aegilops cylindrica Host #3 AEGCYAnthesisgerminationmaturityNID, normally identically distributedPPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 20 , Issue 4 , December 2006 , pp. 921 - 933
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anderson, R. L. 1993. Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) ecology and interference in winter wheat. Weed Sci. 41:388–393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ball, D. A., Young, F. L., and Ogg, A. G. Jr. 1999. Selective control of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) with imazamox in herbicide resistant wheat. Weed Technol. 13:77–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barton, L. V. 1965. Seed dormancy: general survey of dormancy types in seeds, and dormancy imposed by external agents. Encycl. Plant Physiol. 15:699–745.Google Scholar
Bewley, J. D. and Black, M. 1982. Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination. Viability, dormancy, and environmental control. New York Springer-Verlag. 61–125.Google Scholar
Burnside, O. C., Wilson, R. G., Weisberg, S., and Hubbard, K. G. 1996. Seed longevity of 41 weed species buried 17 years in eastern and western Nebraska. Weed Sci. 44:74–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carpenter, T. L. and Thill, D. C. 1992. Jointed goatgrass seed dormancy varies by region on the spike. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 45:120.Google Scholar
Chanda, S. V., Narmada, K., and Singh, Y. D. 1999. Dry matter accumulation and associated changes in biochemical parameters during wheat grain development. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 182:153–159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Datta, S. C., Evenari, M., and Gutterman, Y. 1970. The heteroblasty of Aegilops ovata L. Isr. J. Bot. 19:463–483.Google Scholar
Donald, W. W. 1979. Greenhouse screening trials of herbicide efficacy on jointed goatgrass and ‘Centurk’ winter wheat. West. Soc. Weed Sci. Res. Prog. Rep. 312–317.Google Scholar
Donald, W. W. 1984. Vernalization requirements for flowering of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). Weed Sci. 32:631–637.Google Scholar
Donald, W. W. 1994. A method of validating the tetrazolium assay for viability of dormant jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) seed. Weed Sci. 42:502–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donald, W. W. and Ogg, A. G. Jr. 1991. Biology and control of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica): a review. Weed Technol. 5:3–17.Google Scholar
Donald, W. W. and Zimdahl, R. H. 1987. Persistence, germinability, and distribution of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) seed in the soil. Weed Sci. 35:149–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fandrich, L. and Mallory-Smith, C. A. 2003. Spikelet structures as mechanisms for jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) dormancy. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 55:59.Google Scholar
Fandrich, L. and Mallory-Smith, C. A. 2005. Temperature effects on jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cyclindrica) seed germination. Weed Sci. 53:594–599.Google Scholar
Fleming, G. F., Young, F. L., and Ogg, A. G. Jr. 1988. Competitive relationships among winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica), and downy brome (Bromus tectorum). Weed Sci. 36:479–486.Google Scholar
Gavrilova, V. A. 1983. Flowering and pollination of species of the genus Aegilops L. Prikl. Bot. Genet. Sel. 74:36–42. [In Russian].Google Scholar
Gleichsner, J. A., Rydrych, D. J., and Appleby, A. P. 1987. Germination and growth characteristics of five jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) accessions. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 40:117–118.Google Scholar
Hanson, D. E., Ball, D. A., and Mallory-Smith, C. A. 2002. Herbicide resistance in jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica): simulated responses to agronomic practices. Weed Technol. 16:156–163.Google Scholar
Lang, A. 1965. Effects of some internal and external conditions on seed germination. Encycl. Plant Physiol. 15:848–893.Google Scholar
Mallory-Smith, C. A. and Hylsop, G. R. 1999. Management of herbicide resistant wheat to prevent or delay the occurrence of herbicide-resistant jointed goatgrass. Proc. West. Soc. Weed Sci. 52:174–175.Google Scholar
del Molino, I. M. Martin, Rojo, B., Martinez-Carrasco, R., and Perez, P. 1990. Effects of alterations in the source sink ratio on various dates after anthesis on the amino acid composition of wheat grains. J. Sci. Food Agric. 52:467–476.Google Scholar
Morrison, L. A., Riera-Lizarazu, O., Cremieux, L., and Mallory-Smith, C. A. 2002. Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) × wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) hybrids: hybridization dynamics in Oregon wheat fields. Crop Sci. 42:1863–1872.Google Scholar
Nielson, O. K., Ritz, C., and Streibig, J. C. 2004. Nonlinear mixed-model regression to analyze herbicide dose-response relationships. Weed Technol. 18:30–37.Google Scholar
Ogg, A. J. Jr and Seefeldt, S. S. 1999. Characterizing traits that enhance the competitiveness of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) against jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). Weed Sci. 47:74–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rainbolt, C. R., Thill, D. C., Yenish, J. P., and Ball, D. A. 2004. Herbicide resistant grass weed development in imidazolinone-resistant wheat: weed biology and herbicide rotation. Weed Technol. 18:860–868.Google Scholar
Rydrych, D. J. 1983. Jointed Goatgrass—A New Weed Invader. Pendleton, OR Columbia Basin Agriculture Research Center Oregon State University Special Report 680. 18–19.Google Scholar
Salisbury, E. J. 1942. The Reproductive Capacity of Plants. London Bell and Sons. 336–452.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis System 2001. SAS User's Guide. Version 8.2. Carey, NC Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1686.Google Scholar
Seefeldt, S. S., Zemetra, R. S., Young, F. L., and Jones, S. S. 1998. Production of herbicide-resistant jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) × wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) hybrids in the field by natural hybridization. Weed Sci. 46:632–634.Google Scholar
Smyth, G. K. 2003. Pearson's goodness of fit statistic as a score test statistic. in Goldstein, D.R., ed. Science and Statistics: A Festschrift for Terry Speed. IMS Lecture Notes—Monograph Series, Volume 40. Hayward, CA Institute of Mathematical Statistics.Google Scholar
Snee, R. D. 1977. Validation of regression models: methods and examples. Technometrics 19:415–428.Google Scholar
Souza, E. 2003. Release notice for Idaho 587 soft white winter wheat. University of Idaho: Web page: http://www.agls.uidaho.edu/cerealsci/05Face.htm. Accessed September 12, 2006.Google Scholar
Waisel, Y. and Adler, Y. 1959. Germination behavior of Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. Can. J. Bot. 37:741–742.Google Scholar
Wicks, G., Anderson, R., White, T., Stahlman, P., and Morishita, D. 2005. Jointed goatgrass control tactics. Pullman, WA Washington State University College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Extension Publication EB1935. 8.Google Scholar
Wurzburger, J. 1974. The role of gibberellin and the hulls in the control of germination in Aegilops kotschyi caryopses. Can. J. Bot. 52:1597–1601.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wurzburger, J. and Koller, D. 1973. Onset of seed dormancy in Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. and it's experimental modification. New Phytol. 72:1057–1061.Google Scholar
Wurzburger, J. and Lesham, Y. 1969. Physiological action of the germination inhibitor in the husk of Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. New Phytol. 68:337–341.Google Scholar
Yang, Y., Zhang, J., Wang, Z., Zhu, Q., and Liu, L. 2001. Water deficit-induced senescence and its relationship to the remobilization of pre-stored carbon in wheat during grain filling. Agron. J. 93:196–206.Google Scholar
Zemetra, R. S., Hansen, J., and Mallory-Smith, C. A. 1998. Potential for gene transfer between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). Weed Sci. 46:313–317.Google Scholar
Zohary, M. 1937. Die verbreitungsokologischen verhaltnisse der pflanzen Palaestinas. Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 56:1–155. [In German].Google Scholar