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Patterns Of Resistance To Als Herbicides In Smallflower Umbrella Sedge (Cyperus Difformis) And Ricefield Bulrush (Schoenoplectus Mucronatus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Roberto Busi ,
Francesco Vidotto ,
Albert J. Fischer ,
María D. Osuna ,
Rafael De Prado  and
Aldo Ferrero
Roberto Busi*
Affiliation:
Selvicoltura e Gestione del Territorio, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, 10095, Italy
Francesco Vidotto
Affiliation:
Selvicoltura e Gestione del Territorio, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, 10095, Italy
Albert J. Fischer
Affiliation:
Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
María D. Osuna
Affiliation:
Departamento de Química Agrícola y Edafología, Escuela Técnica superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain
Rafael De Prado
Affiliation:
Departamento de Química Agrícola y Edafología, Escuela Técnica superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos y Montes, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, 14004, Spain
Aldo Ferrero
Affiliation:
Selvicoltura e Gestione del Territorio, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, 10095, Italy
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: rbusi@cyllene.uwa.edu.au.
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Abstract

Biotypes of smallflower umbrella sedge and ricefield bulrush resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides have been reported in several rice areas of the world. Here, we present results of a study conducted on whole plants of seven smallflower umbrella sedge and four ricefield bulrush biotypes collected in Italian, Spanish, and Californian rice fields to evaluate cross-resistance to ALS herbicides in these important weeds of temperate rice. The following herbicides were tested: bensulfuron-methyl, halosulfuron, cinosulfuron, imazamox, and bispyribac-sodium. The smallflower umbrella sedge and ricefield bulrush biotypes studied exhibited different cross-resistance patterns, some of which have not been previously reported. The Italian smallflower umbrella sedge biotype was cross-resistant to bensulfuron-methyl, cinosulfuron, imazamox, and bispyribac-sodium, but was susceptible to halosulfuron. One smallflower umbrella sedge biotype from California was also resistant to bensulfuron-methyl, imazamox, and bispyribac-sodium, but had a lower level of resistance to halosulfuron. In contrast, the second smallflower umbrella sedge biotype from California was strongly resistant to halosulfuron and was also resistant to bensulfuron-methyl and bispyribac-sodium, but moderately resistant to imazamox. The Spanish smallflower biotype was resistant to the sulfonylurea herbicides bensulfuron-methyl and halosulfuron. Different responses were observed in ricefield bulrush. The Italian biotype was resistant to the sulfonylureas only, whereas the biotype from California exhibited broad cross-resistance to all the ALS herbicides tested. Knowledge on cross-resistance is needed to formulate herbicide use and weed management strategies for delaying the evolution of resistance to ALS herbicides in rice systems.

Keywords

Bensulfuron-methylhalosulfuroncinosulfuronimazamoxbispyribac-sodiumsmallflower umbrella sedge, Cyperus difformis L. #3 CYPDIricefield bulrush, Schoenoplectus mucronatus (L.) Palla (syn. Scirpus mucronatus L.) # SCMPUALS herbicidesherbicide resistancecross-resistanceweed managementtemperate ricerice production systemsSU, sulfonylureasIMI, imidazolinonesTP, triazolopyrimidinesPB, pyrimidinylbenzoatesSCT, sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinonesFW, fresh weightGR50, herbicide dose necessary to cause 50% growth reductionI50, herbicide dose necessary to cause 50% inhibitionLD50, herbicide dose necessary to cause 50% mortalityR, resistantRI, resistance indexS, susceptible
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 20 , Issue 4 , December 2006 , pp. 1004 - 1014
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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