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John Hales and the Synod of Dort

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 March 2016

Robert Peters*
Affiliation:
The Open University

Extract

On 24 April 1619 the Synod of Dort sat for the 154th, and last, time. Ostensibly summoned to resolve differences between Dutch Remonstrants and Contra-Remonstrants within a context of Calvinist theology, in reality it pronounced predetermined decrees on unconditional election, a limited atonement, man’s total depravity, the irresistibility of grace, and the perseverance of the elect.

The Synod was national (sometimes, decidedly ‘local’) in nature; yet, because other states—Great Britain, France, Hesse, and the Palatinate among them—sent delegates, it assumed in the eyes of such men as James I and Du Plessis-Mornay an importance equal to that of Trent.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Ecclesiastical History Society 1971

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References

Page No 277 Note 1 As quoted by Fuller, T., The Church History of Britain, London 1837, x, 275 Google Scholar.

Page No 277 Note 2 By some it is still so regarded. When the present writer began to work on the theology of James I, an eminent ecclesiastical historian pointed him to Dort as the touchstone of Calvinist orthodoxy.

Page No 277 Note 3 At the time of the Synod Carleton was Bishop of Llandaff.

Page No 277 Note 4 Carleton, G., A Joynt Attestation Avowing that the Discipline of the Church of England was not Impeached at the Synod of Dort, London 1626 Google Scholar, esp. sig.: A3r.-C2.

Page No 278 Note 1 Quoted by Hickman, H., A Justification of the Fathers and the Schoolmen, Oxford 1659 Google Scholar, sig.: A2r.

Page No 278 Note 2 Printed, among other places, in Wilkins, iv, 465-7.

Page No 278 Note 3 Heylyn, P., Cyprianus Anglicanus, London 1688, 82 Google Scholar.

Page No 278 Note 4 Burnet, G., An Exposition of the Thirty-nine Articles of the Church of England, London 1699, 12 Google Scholar.

Page No 278 Note 5 von Ranke, L., A History of England, Oxford 1875,1, 426 Google Scholar.

Page No 278 Note 6 Huizinga, J., Dutch Civilization in the 17th Century, London 1968, 52-3Google Scholar.

Page No 279 Note 1 Quoted by Maizeux, Des, An Historical and Critical Account of the Life and Writings of the Ever-Memorable Mr. John Hales, London 1719, 69 Google Scholar, also Brandt, S. (trans. Chamberlayne, J.), The History of the Reformation in and about the Low Countries, London 1721, 111, 26 Google Scholar.

Page No 279 Note 2 They were, in addition to George Carleton, Joseph Hall, then Dean of Worcester, later Bishop of Exeter and then of Norwich; John Davenant, then Lady Margaret Professor at Cambridge and subsequently Bishop of Salisbury; Samuel Ward, Master of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, and afterwards Lady Margaret Professor there; Walter Balcanqual, official (though far from acceptable) representative of the Church of Scotland; and Thomas Goad, chaplain to George Abbot, and replacement for Hall who returned to England on grounds of health.

Page No 279 Note 3 Des Maizeux, Hales, p. 3.

Page No 279 Note 4 Bodleian Library, Tanner MSS, Vol. 74A, f. 180rGoogle Scholar.

Page No 280 Note 1 Ibid. fol. 173r.

Page No 280 Note 2 Ibid. fol. 188r.

Page No 280 Note 3 Ibid. fol. 174r.

Page No 281 Note 1 Hales, J., Golden Remains, London 1673, 373-4Google Scholar. [Hereafter GR.]

Page No 281 Note 2 GR, 368-403.

Page No 281 Note 3 GR, 369.

Page No 282 Note 1 GR, 400.

Page No 282 Note 2 GR, 382-3.

Page No 282 Note 3 GR, 383.

Page No 282 Note 4 GR, 586-91.

Page No 283 Note 1 GR, 409.

Page No 283 Note 2 GR, 433.

Page No 283 Note 3 Hales tends to be reticent when he is most impressed, and this was a most im pressive address. (See Calder, F., Memoirs of Simon Episcopius, London 1835,284 313 Google Scholar, for fuller text than that in GR, 403-7.)

Page No 283 Note 4 GR, 433.

Page No 283 Note 5 GR, 434 ff.

Page No 283 Note 6 ‘New Style’.

Page No 283 Note 7 GR, 437-42.

Page No 283 Note 8 GR, 444.

Page No 284 Note 1 GR, 446-7.

Page No 284 Note 2 GR, 447-8.

Page No 284 Note 3 GR, 453-4.

Page No 284 Note 4 GR, 455.

Page No 285 Note 1 GR, 454.

Page No 285 Note 2 GR, 452-3.

Page No 285 Note 3 GR, 452.

Page No 285 Note 4 GR, 454-5.

Page No 285 Note 5 Brandt, 111, 209.

Page No 286 Note 1 GR, 454.

Page No 286 Note 2 That of Des Maizeux.

Page No 286 Note 3 Des Maizeux, Haies, p. 69.

Page No 286 Note 4 Corpus Christi College MS 306, ff. 71r-106v.

Page No 286 Note 5 Ibid. fol. 82r.

Page No 286 Note 6 Ibid. fol. 87V.

Page No 287 Note 1 Ibid. fol. 92r.

Page No 287 Note 2 Ibid. fols. 92r-94r.

Page No 287 Note 3 GR, 460.

Page No 288 Note 1 Corpus Christi College MS 306, ff. 96r-96v.