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Rotation length, canola variety and herbicide resistance system affect weed populations and yield

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

R. Jason Cathcart ,
A. Keith Topinka ,
Prem Kharbanda ,
Ralph Lange ,
Rong-Cai Yang  and
Linda M. Hall
A. Keith Topinka
Affiliation:
University of Alberta, Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 410 Ag/Forestry Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
Prem Kharbanda
Affiliation:
Alberta Research Council, P.O. Bag 4000, Vegreville, AB T9C 1T4, Canada
Ralph Lange
Affiliation:
Alberta Research Council, P.O. Bag 4000, Vegreville, AB T9C 1T4, Canada
Rong-Cai Yang
Affiliation:
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Policy Secretariat, J. G. O'Donoghue Building, No. 300, 7000-113 Street, Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6, Canada
Linda M. Hall
Affiliation:
Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, University of Alberta, Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, 410 Ag/Forestry Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
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Abstract

A 4-year study was initiated in 1997 to provide canola producers with information on the consequences of various rotational intervals with the use of new disease and herbicide-resistant canola varieties. The study was conducted at three locations in Alberta, Canada (Ellerslie, Strathmore, and Warburg). At each location, four canola rotations were established: continuous canola, and canola seeded in 1 of 2, 3, or 4 years. Canola varieties included the conventional varieties ‘AC Excel’ and ‘Quantum’, the glyphosate-resistant variety ‘Quest’, imidazolinone-resistant ‘45A71’, and a glufosinate-resistant hybrid, ‘Invigor 2153’. In the fourth year of the study, when canola was grown in all treatments, weed densities, weed species diversity, and evenness were determined preseeding and before and after in-crop herbicide application. Canola yield was greatest in the northern ecoregions of the Boreal Transition (Warburg) and Aspen Parkland (Ellerslie), and lowest in the Moist Mixed Grassland ecoregion (Strathmore). Weed populations increased and population diversity decreased and became less even where rotations were less diverse; in continuous canola and in the 1-in-4–year rotation. As expected, weed densities increased in poorly competitive, conventional canola varieties compared to herbicide-resistant varieties sprayed with their broader-spectrum herbicides. Where weed densities were high, variety/herbicide system became a critical factor affecting crop yield. Under these conditions, the herbicide-resistant varieties ‘Quest’ and ‘Invigor 2153’ typically outyielded the conventional varieties of ‘AC Excel’ and ‘Quantum’. Canola yield was highest when grown in a 1-in-3– or a 1-in-4–year rotation, although the 1-in-3–year rotation generally had lower weed densities, and allowed high-value canola to be grown more frequently in rotation.

Keywords

CanolaBrassica napus L.Herbicide resistantrotation lengthShannon's diversity indexspecies diversityvariety comparison
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 54 , Issue 4 , August 2006 , pp. 726 - 734
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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