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Changes of Subtropical North Pacific Radiocarbon and Correlation with Climate Variability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Ellen R M Druffel ,
S Griffin ,
T P Guilderson ,
M Kashgarian ,
J Southon  and
D P Schrag
Ellen R M Druffel
Affiliation:
Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA. Email: edruffel@uci.edu.
S Griffin
Affiliation:
Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA. Email: edruffel@uci.edu.
T P Guilderson
Affiliation:
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
M Kashgarian
Affiliation:
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
J Southon
Affiliation:
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
D P Schrag
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Geochemical Oceanography, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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Abstract

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We show that high-precision radiocarbon (Δ14C) measurements from annual bands of a Hawaiian surface coral decreased by 7‰ from AD 1893 to 1952. This decrease is coincident with the Suess Effect, which is mostly due to the dilution of natural levels of 14C by 14C-free fossil fuel CO2. This decrease is equal to that expected in surface waters of the subtropical gyres, and indicates that the surface waters of the North Pacific were in steady state with respect to long term mixing of CO2 during the past century. Correlation between Δ14C and North Pacific gyre sea surface temperatures indicates that vertical mixing local to Hawaii and the North Pacific gyre as a whole is the likely physical mechanism to result in variable Δ14C. Prior to 1920, this correlation starts to break down; this may be related to the non-correlation between biennial Δ14C values in corals from the southwest Pacific and El Niño events observed during this period as well.

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 43 , Issue 1 , 2001 , pp. 15 - 25
Copyright
Copyright © The Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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