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Isovolaemic haemodilution decreases the shivering threshold in rabbits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2008

Y. Imai ,
M. Yamakage ,
H. Sato ,
K. Okuyama ,
T. Ishiyama  and
T. Matsukawa
Y. Imai
Affiliation:
University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Chuo, Yamanashi, Hokkaido, Japan
M. Yamakage*
Affiliation:
Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
H. Sato
Affiliation:
University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Chuo, Yamanashi, Hokkaido, Japan
K. Okuyama
Affiliation:
University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Chuo, Yamanashi, Hokkaido, Japan
T. Ishiyama
Affiliation:
University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Chuo, Yamanashi, Hokkaido, Japan
T. Matsukawa
Affiliation:
University of Yamanashi, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Chuo, Yamanashi, Hokkaido, Japan
*
Department of Anesthesiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan. E-mail: yamakage@sapmed.ac.jp; Tel: +81 11 611 2111 Ext. 3568; Fax: +81 11 631 9683
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Summary

Background and objective

The inhibition of thermoregulatory control by anaesthesia is manifested by reduced vasoconstriction and shivering thresholds. As intraoperative bleeding can result in haemodynamic changes, including vasoconstriction, we investigated the effect of experimental bleeding on the shivering threshold in rabbits.

Methods

Twenty-four rabbits were randomly assigned to one of three treatment strategies: (1) no blood removal (control), (2) 5 mL kg−1 isovolaemic blood removal and (3) 10 mL kg−1 isovolaemic blood removal. After tracheal intubation under isoflurane anaesthesia, anaesthesia was maintained with 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen. The removed blood volume was replaced with the same volume of warm hydroxyethyl starch colloid solution. Oesophageal temperature was measured as a core temperature at 1-min intervals. After blood removal, the animal’s body was cooled at a rate of 2–3°C h−1 by perfusing water at 10°C through a U-shaped thermode positioned in the colon. Hypothermic shivering was evaluated by visual inspection, and the core temperature at which shivering was triggered was identified as the thermoregulatory threshold for this response.

Results

Just before the cooling, the body temperature of the animals was around 38.6°C in all of the three groups. The shivering threshold in the control group was 37.2 ± 0.2°C (mean ± SD). The shivering thresholds in the 5 mL kg−1 (36.9° ± 0.3°C) and 10 mL kg−1 (36.5° ± 0.5°C) blood removal groups were significantly lower and in proportion with the volume of blood removed than that in the control group.

Conclusion

Isovolaemic haemodilution decreased the shivering threshold in rabbits in proportion with the volume of blood removed.

Keywords

SHIVERINGHAEMODILUTIONRABBITANAESTHESIA INHALATIONAL
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 25 , Issue 6 , June 2008 , pp. 450 - 453
Copyright
Copyright © European Society of Anaesthesiology 2008

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