Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-qsmjn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T09:44:07.976Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Lobate lac scale, Paratachardina pseudolobata (Hemiptera: Keriidae), in Hawaii's urban landscape: Hosts and management

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 October 2017

Bishnu Prasad Bhandari  and
Zhiqiang Cheng
Bishnu Prasad Bhandari
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822, USA
Get access

Abstract

The lobate lac scale, Paratachardina pseudolobata Kondo & Gullan, is a recent insect invader to Hawaii that was first found in October 2012 on Oahu, Hawaii. It infests young branches of woody plants (usually less than 2 cm in diameter), forming a mass that appears as a dark crust, resulting in an unhealthy appearance, defoliation of leaves, and death of some plant species. This insect has infested many native and non-native plant species on Oahu, and the number of infested plant species is increasing. Our recent survey results, reported in this article, revealed 28 new host plant species in addition to 83 host species that we had reported previously, making 111 host plant species in Oahu's urban landscape. Efficacy and longevity of preventive treatment using the systemic insecticides imidacloprid and emamectin benzoate, delivered through trunk injection, against lobate lac scale on Chinese banyan, Ficus microcarpa, and curative treatment using imidacloprid on weeping banyan, Ficus benjamina, were evaluated. Forty-five Chinese banyans and 10 weeping banyans were included in this study. Our findings suggest that imidacloprid delivered via trunk injection is effective in preventing lobate lac scale infestation for at least 22 months post-treatment, and also in reducing lobate lac scale infestation curatively for at least 20 months post-treatment. This study provides an update on lobate lac scale's host species in Hawaii's urban landscape, and an effective preventive and curative management strategy against this pest.

Keywords

Lobate lac scaletrunk injectionChinese banyanweeping banyanimidaclopridemamectin benzoate
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 38 , Issue 1 , March 2018 , pp. 71 - 76
Copyright
Copyright © icipe 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

†

Zhiqiang Cheng is co-first author.

References

Bhandari, B. P. and Cheng, Z. (2016) Trunk injection of systemic insecticides to control stem and leaf gall wasps, Josephiella species (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae), on Chinese banyan (Rosales: Moraceae) in Hawaii. Florida Entomologist 99, 172–177.Google Scholar
Cheng, Z. and Bhandari, B. P. (2015) Biology, management, and updated host range of the lobate lac scale (Paratachardina pseudolobata) in Hawai‘i's urban landscapes. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), University of Hawaii at Manoa. Available from: http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/oc/freepubs/pdf/IP-34.pdf (last accessed June 13, 2017).Google Scholar
Chong, J. H., Roda, A. L. and Mannion, C. M. (2008) Mortality of the lobate lac scale, Paratachardina pseudolobata (Hemiptera: Kerriidae), at near or below freezing temperatures. Florida Entomologist 91, 674–678.Google Scholar
Doccola, J. J., Smith, S. L., Strom, B. L., Medeiros, A. C. and von Allmen, E. (2009) Systemically applied insecticides for treatment of Erythrina gall wasp, Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 35, 173–181.Google Scholar
Eisenback, B. M., Salom, S. M., Kok, L. T. and Lagalante, A. F. (2014) Impacts of trunk and soil injections of low rates of imidacloprid on hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) and eastern hemlock (Pinales: Pinaceae) health. Journal of Economic Entomology 107, 250–258.Google Scholar
Hamon, A. B. and Hodges, G. (2001) Pest alert: Lobate lac scale, Paratachardina pseudolobata (Chamberlin) (Hemiptera: Kerriidae). Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry. http://www.freshfromflorida.com/content/download/68152/1612623/Pest_Alert_-_Paratachardina_pseudolobata,_Lobate_lac_scale.pdf (Last accessed June 13, 2017).Google Scholar
Howard, F. W. and Steinberg, B. (2005) Root drenches and topical insecticide treatments for control of the lobate lac scale, Paratachardina lobata (Chamberlin). Proceedings of Florida State Horticultural Society 118, 314–318.Google Scholar
Howard, F. W., Pemberton, R. W., Hodges, G. S., Steinberg, B., McLean, D. and Liu, H. (2006) Host plant range of lobate lac scale, Paratachardina lobata, in Florida. Proceedings of Florida State Horticultural Society 119, 398–408. Available from: http://fshs.org/proceedings-o/2006-vol-119/FSHS%20119/p.398-408.pdf.Google Scholar
Howard, F. W., Pemberton, R. W., Shroer, S. and Hodges, G. (2010) Paratachardina pseudolobata (Coccoidea: Kerriidae): Bionomics in Florida. Florida Entomologist 93, 1–7.Google Scholar
Kondo, T. and Gullan, P. J. (2007) Taxonomic review of the lac insect genus Paratachardina Balachowsky (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Kerriidae), with a revised key to genera of Kerriidae and description of two new species. Zootaxa 1617, 1–41.Google Scholar
McCullough, D. G., Poland, T. M., Anulewicz, A.C., Lewis, P. and Cappaert, D. (2011) Evaluation of Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) control provided by emamectin benzoate and two neonicotinoid insecticides, one and two seasons after treatment. Journal of Economic Entomology 104, 1599–1612.Google Scholar
Norris, D. M. (1965) Systemic pesticides in woody plants and uptake. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America 11, 187–190.Google Scholar
Smitley, D. R., Doccola, J. J. and Cox, D. L. (2010) Multiple-year protection of ash trees from emerald ash borer with a single trunk injection of emamectin benzoate, and single-year protection with an imidacloprid basal drench. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 36, 206–211.Google Scholar
State of Hawaii, Department of Agriculture (2013) Lobate lac scale: Paratachardina pseudolobata Kondo and Gullan (Hemiptera: Kerriidae). New Pest Advisory No. 12-03, January 2013. Available from: https://hdoa.hawaii.gov/pi/files/2013/01/3-27-2013-Lobate-lac-scale-NPA.pdf (last accessed June 13, 2017).Google Scholar
Young, L. C. (2002) The efficacy of micro-injected imidacloprid and oxydemeton-methyl on red gum eucalyptus trees (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) infested with red gum lerp psyllid (Glycaspis brimblecombei). Journal of Arboriculture 28, 144–147.Google Scholar