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The inner world of overactive monitoring: neural markers of interoception in obsessive–compulsive disorder

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 April 2017

A. Yoris ,
A. M. García ,
L. Traiber ,
H. Santamaría-García ,
M. Martorell ,
F. Alifano ,
R. Kichic ,
J. S. Moser ,
M. Cetkovich  and
F. Manes
...Show all authors
A. Yoris
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina Anxiety and Trauma Clinic, INECO (Institute of Cognitive Neurology), Buenos Aires, Argentina
A. M. García
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina Faculty of Education, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
L. Traiber
Affiliation:
Anxiety and Trauma Clinic, INECO (Institute of Cognitive Neurology), Buenos Aires, Argentina
H. Santamaría-García
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina Centro de Memoria y Cognición Intellectus, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
M. Martorell
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
F. Alifano
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
R. Kichic
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina Anxiety and Trauma Clinic, INECO (Institute of Cognitive Neurology), Buenos Aires, Argentina
J. S. Moser
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
M. Cetkovich
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
F. Manes
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australian Research Council (ACR), Sydney, Australia
A. Ibáñez
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australian Research Council (ACR), Sydney, Australia Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Barranquilla, Colombia Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
L. Sedeño*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
*
*Address for correspondence: L. Sedeño, Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neuroscience (LPEN), Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), C1078AAI, Pacheco de Melo 1860, Buenos Aires, Argentina. (Email: lucas.sedeno@gmail.com)
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Abstract

Background

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) patients typically overmonitor their own behavior, as shown by symptoms of excessive doubt and checking. Although this is well established for the patients’ relationship with external stimuli in the environment, no study has explored their monitoring of internal body signals, a process known to be affected in anxiety-related syndromes. Here, we explored this issue through a cardiac interoception task that measures sensing of heartbeats. Our aim was to explore key behavioral and electrophysiological aspects of internal-cue monitoring in OCD, while examining their potential distinctiveness in this condition.

Method

We administered a heartbeat detection (HBD) task (with related interoceptive confidence and awareness measures) to three matched groups (OCD patients, panic disorder patients, healthy controls) and recorded ongoing modulations of two task-relevant electrophysiological markers: the heart evoked potential (HEP) and the motor potential (MP).

Results

Behaviorally, OCD patients outperformed controls and panic patients in the HBD task. Moreover, they exhibited greater amplitude modulation of both the HEP and the MP during cardiac interoception. However, they evinced poorer confidence and awareness of their interoceptive skills.

Conclusions

Convergent behavioral and electrophysiological data showed that overactive monitoring in OCD extends to the sensing of internal bodily signals. Moreover, this pattern discriminated OCD from panic patients, suggesting a condition-distinctive alteration. Our results highlight the potential of exploring interoceptive processes in the OCD spectrum to better characterize the population's cognitive profile. Finally, these findings may lay new bridges between somatic theories of emotion and cognitive models of OCD.

Keywords

Heart evoked potentialinteroceptionmotor potentialobsessive–compulsive disorderoveractive monitoring
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 47 , Issue 11 , August 2017 , pp. 1957 - 1970
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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