Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-27gpq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-27T23:56:03.150Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Behavior of sulfentrazone in ionic exchange resins, electrophoresis gels, and cation-saturated soils

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Robert H. Walker
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soils, Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
Glenn R. Wehtje
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soils, Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
James Adams Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soils, Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
Franck E. Dayan
Affiliation:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Products Utilization Research Unit, University of Mississippi, Stoneville, MS 38667
John D. Weete
Affiliation:
West Virginia University, 886 Chestnut Ridge Rd., P.O. Box 6216, Morgantown, WV 26506
H. Gary Hancock
Affiliation:
FMC Corporation, 832 Barnes Mill Rd., Hamilton, GA 31811
Ohyun Kwon
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849

Abstract

Sulfentrazone persistence in soil requires many crop rotational restrictions. The sorption and mobility of sulfentrazone play an important role in its soil persistence. Thus, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to mimic the soil properties of cation and anion exchange with different intermediates. The molecular characterization and ionization shift of sulfentrazone from a neutral molecule to an anion were determined using a three-dimensional graphing technique and titration curve, respectively. Sorption and mobility of 2.6 × 10−5 M 14C-sulfentrazone were evaluated using a soil solution technique with ion exchange resins and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. Solution pH ranged from 4.0 to 7.4. As pH increased, sulfentrazone sorption to an anion resin increased and its sorption to a cation resin decreased. Percent sulfentrazone in solution was pH-dependent and ranged between 0 to 18% and 54 to 88% for the anion and cation resins, respectively. Mobility of sulfentrazone on a 20% polyacryalmide gel resulted in Rf values of +0.02 and +0.39 for pH of 4.0 and 7.4, respectively. A double peak for sulfentrazone was detected in the polyacrylamide gel when the pH (6.0 and 6.8) was near the reported pKa of 6.56. There was no clear interaction for the sorption of sulfentrazone at 1.0 mg kg−1 to Congaree loamy sand or Decatur silty clay loam saturated with either calcium or potassium. Sulfentrazone behavior with the polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels and ion resins indicate the potential for this herbicide to occur as a polar or Zwitter ion. Sulfentrazone was adsorbed by potassium, calcium, and sodium saturated resins and subsequently desorbed using variable pH solutions. The level of sulfentrazone adsorption will vary among soil types and the amount of desorption into solution may be soil cation-dependent.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Abernathy, J. R. and Wax, L. M. 1973. Bentazon mobility and absorption in twelve Illinois soils. Weed Sci. 21:224227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anonymous. 1998a. Purolite C100E exhange resin data sheet. The Purolite Company, Division of Bio-Tech Corporation, 150 Monument Road, Bala Cynwyd, Philadelphia, PA 19004.Google Scholar
Anonymous. 1998b. Purolite A400 exhange resin data sheet. The Purolite Company, Division of Bio-Tech Corporation, 150 Monument Road, Bala Cynwyd, Philadelphia, PA 19004.Google Scholar
Breslow, R. 1983. Enzyme catalysis I. Pages 131175 In Zubay, G., ed. Biochemistry. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Dayan, F. E., Armstrong, B. M., and Weete, J. D. 1998. Inhibitory activity of sulfentrazone and its metabolic derivatives on soybean (Glycine max) protoporphyrinogen oxidase. J. Ag. and Food Chem. 46:20242029.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dewar, M. J., Zoebisch, E. G., Healy, E. F., and Stewart, J. P. 1985. AM1: A new general purpose quantum mechanical molecular model. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 107:39023909.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FMC Corporation. 1989. Technical Bulletin of Sulfentrazone (F6285). Philadelphia, PA: Agricultural Chemical Group.Google Scholar
Fontaine, D. D., Lehmann, R. G., and Miller, J. R. 1991. Soil adsorption of neutral and anionic forms of a sulfonamide herbicide, flumetsulam. J. Environ. Quality 20:759762.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foth, H. D. and Ellis, B. G. 1988. Ion exchange. Pages 1735 In Soil Fertility. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Garvey, P. V. and Monks, D. W. 1998. Response of vegetable crops grown in rotation to sulfentrazone treated soybeans. Pages 9192 in Proceedings of the Southern Weed Science Society.Google Scholar
Grey, T. L., Walker, R. H., Wehtje, G. R., and Hancock, H. G. 1997. Sulfentrazone adsorption and mobility as affected by soil and pH. Weed Sci. 45:733738.Google Scholar
Hatzios, K. K. 1998. Sulfentrazone. Pages 6769 In Herbicide Handbook, Supplement to the 7th Edition. Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America.Google Scholar
Hingston, F. J., Posner, A. M., and Quirk, J. P. 1972. Anion sorption by goethite and gibbsite. J. of Soil Sci. 23:177192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, G. P. and Shaw, D. R. 1997. Field mobility of flumetsulam in three Mississippi soils. Weed Sci. 45:564567.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nadano, D., Yasuda, T., Sawazaki, K., Takeshita, H., and Kishi, K. 1996. pH gradient electrophoresis of basic ribonucleases in sealed slab polyacrylamide gels: Detection and inhibition of enzyme activity in the gel. Electrophoresis 17:104109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ohmes, G. A., Mueller, T. C., and Hayes, R. M. 1998. Sulfentrazone dissipation in surface soil. Page 243 in Proceedings of the Southern Weed Science Society.Google Scholar
Reddy, K. N. and Locke, M. A. 1998. Sulfentrazone sorption, desorption, and mineralization in soils from two tillage systems. Weed Sci. 46:494500.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaw, D. R., and Murphy, G. P. 1997a. Field persistence of bioavailable flumetsulam. Weed Sci. 45:568572.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaw, D. R., and Murphy, G. P. 1997b. Adsorption and relative mobility of flumetsulam. Weed Sci. 45:573578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weber, J. B. 1970a. Adsorption of s-triazines by montmorillonite as a function of pH and molecular structure. Pages 401404 In Proceedings of the Soil Science Society of America. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America.Google Scholar
Weber, J. B. 1970b. Mechanisms of adsorption of s-triazines by clay colloids and factors affecting plant availability. Pages 93130 In Gunther, F. A. and Gunther, J. D., eds. Residue Reviews. Volume 32. New York: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Wehtje, G. R., Walker, R. H., Grey, T. L., and Hancock, H. G. 1997. Response of purple (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedges (C. esculentus) to selective placement of sulfentrazone. Weed Sci. 45:382387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar