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Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) Control with Dicamba in Alabama

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Michael L. Flessner ,
J. Scott McElroy ,
James D. McCurdy ,
Jordan M. Toombs ,
Glenn R. Wehtje ,
Charles H. Burmester ,
Andrew J. Price  and
Joyce T. Ducar
Michael L. Flessner
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 435 Old Glade Road, Blacksburg, VA 24060
J. Scott McElroy*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, 201 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, AL 36849
James D. McCurdy
Affiliation:
Mississippi State University, 117 Dorman Hall, Mississippi State University, MS 39762
Jordan M. Toombs
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, 201 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, AL 36849
Glenn R. Wehtje
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, 201 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, AL 36849
Charles H. Burmester
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, 201 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, AL 36849
Andrew J. Price
Affiliation:
National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 411 South Donahue Drive, Auburn University, AL 36849
Joyce T. Ducar
Affiliation:
Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, 201 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, AL 36849
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jsm0010@auburn.edu.
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Abstract

The development and spread of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed has increased the use of dicamba as an alternative herbicide treatment. Research evaluated suspected glyphosate-resistant horseweed populations from DeKalb (GR-1) and Cherokee (GR-2) counties, Alabama, for response to glyphosate, dicamba, and glyphosate + dicamba. Populations used for resistance determination were tested at rosette and bolt growth stages. Glyphosate resistance evaluation treatments ranged from 0 to 36.0 kg ae ha−1. Data confirmed that GR-1 and GR-2 horseweed populations were 3.0 to 38 times more resistant to glyphosate than the susceptible population, according to population, data type, and growth stage at treatment. GR-1 and GR-2 populations were further evaluated for response to dicamba. Dicamba was applied at 0 to 1.12 kg ai ha−1, both with and without the addition of glyphosate at 1.12 kg ae ha−1. All populations had similar tolerance to dicamba, with the exception of GR-2 treated at the rosette growth stage, which had ~2-fold greater tolerance. When glyphosate was tank-mixed with dicamba, the response of GR populations was similar to that of dicamba alone. Therefore, any potential resistance-management benefit of tank-mixing dicamba with glyphosate may be negated when one is attempting to control GR horseweed. Conversely, adding glyphosate to dicamba drastically enhanced control of the susceptible population at both growth stages.

El desarrollo y dispersión de Conyza canadensis resistente a glyphosate (GR) ha incrementado el uso de dicamba como un tratamiento herbicida alternativo. Esta investigación evaluó poblaciones de C. canadensis provenientes de los condados DeKalb (GR-1) y Cherokee (GR-2) en Alabama, que se sospechaba eran resistentes a glyphosate, para determinar su respuesta a glyphosate, dicamba, y glyphosate + dicamba. Las poblaciones usadas para la determinación de resistencia fueron evaluadas en los estadios de desarrollo de roseta y de producción de tallo floral. Los tratamientos para la evaluación de resistencia a glyphosate variaron de 0 a 36.0 kg ae ha−1. Los datos confirmaron que las poblaciones de C. canadensis GR-1 y GR-2 fueron 3.0 a 38 veces más resistentes a glyphosate que la población susceptible, según la población, el tipo de dato, y el estadio de crecimiento al momento del tratamiento. Las poblaciones GR-1 y GR-2 fueron además evaluadas para determinar su respuesta a dicamba. Dicamba fue aplicado de 0 a 1.12 kg ai ha−1, con y sin la adición de glyphosate a 1.12 kg ae ha−1. Todas las poblaciones tuvieron tolerancia similar a dicamba, con la excepción de GR-2 tratada en el estadio de roseta, la cual tuvo una tolerancia ~2 veces mayor. Cuando glyphosate fue mezclado en tanque con dicamba, la respuesta de las poblaciones GR fue similar a la de dicamba solo. De esta forma, cualquier beneficio potencial para el manejo de resistencia al mezclar en tanque dicamba con glyphosate, podría ser negado cuando uno trate de controlar C. canadensis GR. En cambio, el agregar glyphosate a dicamba drásticamente mejoró el control de las población susceptible en ambos estadios de desarrollo.

Keywords

Dicambaglyphosatehorseweed Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. ERICAGR horseweeddicambaherbicide resistance
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , December 2015 , pp. 633 - 640
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Lawrence E. Steckel, University of Tennessee.

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