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⁴ Thorne, Susan, Congregational Missions and the Making of an Imperial Culture in 19^th-Century England (Stanford, CA, 1999)Google Scholar, and Johnston, Anna, Missionary Writing and Empire, 1800–1860 (Cambridge, 2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar, explore the role of missionaries at the far outposts of the empire. Drawing on the recent work of anthropologists and historians, most notably Jean and John Comaroff, Catharine Hall, Brian Stanley and Andrew Porter, they turn attention to the texts produced by missionaries and to the rhetorical constructs of imperialist attitudes. Herbert, Christopher, Culture and Anomie: Ethnographic Imagination in the Nineteenth Century (Chicago, IL, 1991)Google Scholar, also considers ‘missionary literature’ as foundational for the development of ethnography.

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⁷ Jay, , Religion of the Heart, 7.Google Scholar

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²⁵ On missionary celebrity, see Johnston, Anna, ‘British Missionary Publishing, Missionary Celebrity, and Empire’, Nineteenth-Century Prose 32/2 (Fall 2005), 20–48.Google Scholar

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²⁸ In Scott’s The Talisman, consider the romantic description of Sir Kenneth’s first contact with ‘a mounted horseman, whom his turban, long spear, and green caftan floating in the wind, on his nearer approach, showed to be a Saracen cavalier’ (who is actually Saladin): Scott, Walter, The Talisman: a Tale of the Crusades (Edinburgh, 1868), 9.Google Scholar

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³³ Taylor, J. Hudson, A Retrospect (London, 1865), 7–16 Google Scholar; Livingstone, David, Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa (London, 1857), 7–8.Google Scholar

³⁴ For a discussion of texts influencing those interested in mission, see Barringer, Terry, ‘What Mrs. Jellyby Might Have Read; Missionary Periodicals: A Neglected Source’, Victorian Periodicals Review 37/4 (Winter 2004), 46–74.Google Scholar