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Vertical distribution of mesozooplankton and ichthyoplankton communities in the South-western Atlantic Ocean (23°14′1″S 40°42′19″W)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2018

Ana C. T. Bonecker ,
Cristina De O. Dias Open the ORCID record for Cristina De O. Dias [Opens in a new window] ,
Marcia S. De Castro ,
Pedro F. De Carvalho ,
Adriana V. Araujo ,
Rodolfo Paranhos ,
Anderson S. Cabral  and
Sergio L. C. Bonecker
Ana C. T. Bonecker*
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Sala A0-084, Ilha do Fundão – 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Cristina De O. Dias
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Sala A0-084, Ilha do Fundão – 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Marcia S. De Castro
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Sala A0-084, Ilha do Fundão – 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Pedro F. De Carvalho
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Sala A0-084, Ilha do Fundão – 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Adriana V. Araujo
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Sala A0-084, Ilha do Fundão – 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Rodolfo Paranhos
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Hidrobiologia, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão – 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Anderson S. Cabral
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Hidrobiologia, Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Instituto de Biologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão – 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Sergio L. C. Bonecker
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Sala A0-084, Ilha do Fundão – 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: A. C. T. Bonecker Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 – Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Sala A0-084, Ilha do Fundão – 21.941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil email: ana@biologia.ufrj.br
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Abstract

A study was conducted over eight consecutive days in February 2010 in which daily variations in the vertical distributions of heterotrophic bacteria, mesozooplankton and ichthyoplankton at 1–1200 m in the South-western Atlantic Ocean were investigated. Diurnal and nocturnal samples were collected at an oceanographic station at four regional depths: Tropical Water (TW) (1 m), South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) (250 m), Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) (800 m) and Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW) (1200 m). Bacterial, mesozooplankton and larval fish densities significantly differed between sample depths but not between sampling tow times. In total, 154 zooplankton species and 18 larval fish species were identified. The highest number of taxa was obtained from the night-time TW trawls. This depth zone had the highest densities of mesozooplankton, larval fish and bacterioplankton (auto and heterotrophic), associated with the highest temperature and salinity and the lowest inorganic nutrient concentrations. Two sample groups were identified based on their mesozooplankton and larval fish compositions: night-time TW and other water masses (daytime TW, SACW, AAIW and UCDW). Thirty-two indicator species were detected in night-time TW. The copepod Nullosetigera impar was, to the best of our knowledge, identified for the first time on the Brazilian coast. Our results showed significant variability in the abundance and vertical distribution of mesozooplankton, bacterioplankton and larval fish along the water column in an oceanic area. We have provided new data and insights on the composition and vertical distribution of mesozooplankton, larval fish and bacterioplankton in deep waters in the South-western Atlantic Ocean.

Keywords

mesozooplanktonfish larvaebacterioplanktonvertical distributionSouth-west Atlantic Ocean
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 99 , Issue 1 , February 2019 , pp. 51 - 65
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2018 

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