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Some Comments on Northern Mortuary Customs in the Later Middle Ages

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2008

MARGARET HARVEY
Affiliation:
11 Flass Street, Durham City DH1 4BE; e-mail: margaret.harvey3@btopenworld.com

Abstract

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Type
Notes and Documents
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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References

1 Helmholz, R., ‘Mortuaries and the law of custom’, in his Ius commune in England: four studies, Oxford 2001, 135–86Google Scholar, is the most recent full account; the medieval English evidence is from W. Lyndwood, Provinciale, Oxford 1679, 19–22, lib. i, tit. 3, c ‘De consuetudine’.

2 J. Blair, The Church in Anglo-Saxon England, Oxford 2005, 437, 446–7.

3 For instance, R. N. Swanson, Church and society in late medieval England, Oxford 1993, 216–17.

4 S. Brigden, London and the Reformation, Oxford 1989, 98–9.

5 The details are contained in DCM, 4.16 spec. 56 all sections, and Borthwick Institute, York, CP E101. I will deal with the full case in a forthcoming book. It is mentioned in Helmholz, Ius commune, 175–6, but without realising that two items were owed and using only CP E101.

6 Testamenta eboracensia, ed. J. Raine and others (SS iv, xxx, xlv, liii, lxxix, cvi, 1836–1902), i. 409, 414.

7 For the embroidered garments see DCM, St Oswald's procurator's accounts, 1448–9.

8 See, for example, DCM, almoner's accounts, 1430–3A/B, 1515–16.

9 J. Raine, The history and antiquities of north Durham, Durham 1852, 281, lists some of these, not always accurately. The accounts are now DCM: for this one 1516–17A.

10 Registrum palatinum dunelmense, ed. T. D. Hardy (RS lxii, 1874), ii. 689.

11 Wills and inventories, ed. J. Raine (SS ii, 1835), 23.

12 A. J. Pollard, North eastern England during the Wars of the Roses: lay society, war and politics, 1450–1500, Oxford 1990, 70; C. M. Newman, Late medieval Northallerton, Stamford 1999, 65–6.

13 Wills and inventories, 100; original DCM, loc. viii. 22; see also loc viii. 12 (Wills and inventories, 89); loc. viii. 16.

14 DCM, loc. viii. 7, 11.

15 Testamenta eboracensia, i. 214.

16 Ibid. i. 191; v. 37, 158.

17 Ibid. ii. 203.

18 Ibid. i. 371.

19 DCM, cart. i, fos 225v–226r.

20 DCM, 4. 16, spec. 56a.

21 Testamenta karleolensia, ed. R. S. Ferguson (Cumberland and Westmoreland Archaeological and Architectural Society, e.s. ix, 1893), 3–7.

22 Ibid. 58.

23 Ibid. 89.

24 Ibid. 97, 103, 104, 120, 123.

25 Wills and inventories, 84–5; see Oxford DNB s.v. Greystoke.

26 Raine, North Durham, 268.

27 DCM, Norham procurator's accounts, 1420–1. I discuss this family in my forthcoming book.

28 Testamenta karleolensia, 115, and see also p. 46: a horse with its saddle and his sword.

29 BL, ms Cotton Faustina A vi, fo. 47r (old notation either 46 or 54).

30 Norham accounts, 1497–8.

31 M. Prestwich, Armies and warfare in the Middle Ages, New Haven–London 1996, 35.

32 For instance DCM, St Oswald's accounts, 1473–4, 1486–7, 1508, 1509–10, 1512–13, 1528–9. In the lists for 1448–9, 1467–8 [1471–2 is too faded], 1491–2, 1474–5, 1505–6, 1506–7 and 1510–11 there are many more cloths than beasts, but beasts and cloths match. For Norham, for instance, see Norham accounts, 1341–2, 1421–2, 1523–4.

33 St Oswald's accounts, 1473–4, 1486–7.

34 Norham accounts, 1341–2.

35 DCM, 4. 16. spec 56a; no parish accounts survive.

36 Norham accounts, 1420–1.

37 DCM, bursar's accounts, 1420–1, under ‘necc. exp.’.

38 Lyndwood, Provinciale, 20, under ‘ecclesiae suae’.

39 St Oswald's accounts, 1473–4.

40 Ibid. 1474–5, 1479–80.

41 DCM, court book of the prior's Official, fo. 106v.

42 Norham accounts, 1421–2.

43 M. Camsell, ‘The development of a northern town in the later Middle Ages’, unpubl. DPhil. diss. 1985, iii. 636.

44 Court book of the prior's Official, fo. 110v.

45 Camsell, ‘Development of a northern town’, iii. 692.

46 Deputy Keeper of the Public Records, Inquisitions post mortem, 45th report, London 1884, 204–5.

47 Newman, Northallerton, 65–6.

48 Norham accounts, 1329–30.

49 Ibid. 1519–20.

50 Ibid. 1520–21.

51 St Oswald's accounts, 1485–6.

52 Norham accounts, 1330–1.

53 Ibid. 1341–2.

54 Ibid. 1449–50.

55 See ibid. 1497–8, 5d. for the tunic of the son of Henry Ferrour; ibid. 1520–1, daughter of the widow Dabson, a tunic 1s. 6d.; ibid. 1523–4A, 8d. for tunic of Dodd's daughter.

56 St Oswald's accounts, 1472–3.

57 Lincoln wills, II: 1505–1530, ed. C. W. Foster (Lincoln Record Society x, 1918), p. xxiii.

58 See details in T. Langley, Register, ed. R. L. Storey, v (SS clxxvii, 1966), nos 1221, 1229.

59 Statutes of the realm, iii, London 1817, 21 Henry VIII, c. 6.