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Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in Ontario (Canada) pine forests: observations over five years

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 April 2018

Laurel J. Haavik ,
Kevin J. Dodds  and
Jeremy D. Allison
Laurel J. Haavik*
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street E, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
Kevin J. Dodds
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, 271 Mast Road, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, United States of America
Jeremy D. Allison
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, 1219 Queen Street E, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
*
2Corresponding author (e-mail: lhaavik@fs.fed.us)
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Abstract

More than a decade after its discovery in North America, the European woodwasp, Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), has not been an aggressive tree killer in northeastern North American pine (Pinus Linnaeus; Pinaceae) forests. Concern that S. noctilio has potential to become a more aggressive pest as it spreads south, or as environmental conditions change, is warranted, because it has caused extensive pine losses on other continents that it has invaded. We observed S. noctilio impact and attack behaviour in eight pine stands throughout Ontario, Canada annually for a five-year period (2012–2016). Sirex noctilio impact was variable in unmanaged pine forests; it killed 3–48% of pine stems, and 3–36% of pine basal area. Most S. noctilio-caused mortality was limited to suppressed and intermediate trees. Of the 17% of pines in the entire study that were affected by S. noctilio, many (44%) were attacked in multiple years. Depending on the year, between 46% and 79% of trees remained alive in the year immediately after attack, which suggests that many study trees were at least initially resistant to attack by S. noctilio. Though its impact appears to be limited in most forests for now, we recommend that observations continue in future years.

Type
Behaviour & Ecology
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 150 , Issue 3 , June 2018 , pp. 347 - 360
Copyright
© 2018 Entomological Society of Canada. Parts of this are a work of Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Parts of this are a work are that of the U.S. Government and therefore such parts are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. 

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Footnotes

1

Present address: United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, 1992 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, United States of America

Subject editor: Deepa Pureswaran

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