Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-tj2md Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-20T01:29:54.610Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

High-performance composite with negative Poisson’s ratio

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 September 2017

Fernanda Steffens ,
Fernando Ribeiro Oliveira ,
Carlos Mota  and
Raul Fangueiro
Fernanda Steffens*
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, Textile Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau 89065-300, Brazil
Fernando Ribeiro Oliveira
Affiliation:
Department of Engineering, Textile Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau 89065-300, Brazil
Carlos Mota
Affiliation:
Center for Textile Science and Technology, School of Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães 4800-058, Portugal
Raul Fangueiro
Affiliation:
Center for Textile Science and Technology, School of Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães 4800-058, Portugal
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: fernanda.steffens@ufsc.br
Get access

Abstract

This article presents innovative work undertaken to evaluate the auxetic composite materials developed using weft-knitted fabrics with negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) produced from high-tenacity filaments of para-aramid (p-AR) and polyamide. The aim of this study is to develop polymeric composite materials reinforced with auxetic knitted fabrics and to evaluate the degree of transference of the auxetic behavior from the fibrous reinforcement to the composite produced. The results show that the NPR values remained in the composites. Regardless of the type of resin used, either epoxy or polyester, the highest values were obtained for samples produced with p-AR auxetic knitted fabrics. The NPR composites developed within this work present great potential for applications in industrial areas, including personal protection products, such as bulletproof vests, helmets, knee, and elbow protectors, and in all other areas where energy absorption is a key factor to be considered.

Keywords

auxetic structureshigh-performance fibersknitted fabricnegative Poisson’s ratiocomposites
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 32 , Issue 18 , 28 September 2017 , pp. 3477 - 3484
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Contributing Editor: Linda S. Schadler

References

REFERENCES

Padaki, N.V. and Alagirusamy, R.: Knitted preforms for composite applications. J. Ind. Text. 35, 4 (2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferreira, A., Ferreira, F., and Paiva, M.C.: Textile sensor applications with composite monofilaments of polymer/carbon nanotubes. Adv. Sci. Technol. 12, 65 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliveira, F.R., Fernandes, M., Carneiro, N., and Souto, A.P.: Functionalization of wool fabric with phase-change materials microcapsules after plasma surface modification. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 128, 2638 (2013).Google Scholar
Araújo, M., Fangueiro, R., and Hong, H.: Modelling and simulation of the mechanical behaviour of weft-knitted fabrics for technical applications—Part I: General considerations and experimental analyses. Autex Res. J. 3, 111 (2003).Google Scholar
Pandita, S.D., Falconet, D., and Verpoest, I.: Impact properties of weft knitted fabric reinforced composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 62, 1113 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramakrishna, S.: Characterization and modeling of the tensile properties of plain weft-knit fabric-reinforced composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 57, 1 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chan, E. and Evans, K.E.: Fabrication methods for auxetic foams. J. Mater. Sci. 32, 5945 (1997).Google Scholar
Alderson, A. and Alderson, K.L.: Auxetic materials. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part G 221, 565 (2007).Google Scholar
Alderson, A. and Alderson, K.: Expanding materials and applications: Exploiting auxetic textiles. TTI 29 (2005).Google Scholar
Ugbolue, S.C., Kim, Y.K., Warner, S.B., Fan, Q., Yang, C-L., Kyzymchuk, O., Feng, Y., and Lord, J.: Engineered warp knit auxetic fabrics. J. Text. Sci. Eng. 2, 1 (2012).Google Scholar
Evans, K.E. and Alderson, K.L.: Auxetic materials: The positive side of being negative. Eng. Sci. Educ. J. 148 (2000).Google Scholar
Alderson, K.L. and Ruth, S.V.: Auxetic materials. U.K. Patent No. US 6,878,320 B1, April 12, 2005.Google Scholar
Simkins, V.R., Alderson, A., Davies, P.J., and Alderson, K.L.: Single fibre pullout tests on auxetic polymeric fibres. J. Mater. Sci. 40, 4355 (2005).Google Scholar
Liu, Q.: Literature Review: Materials with Negative Poisson’s Ratios and Potential Applications to Aerospace and Defence; DSTO-GD-0472 (DSTO Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Victoria, Australia, 2006).Google Scholar
Scarpa, F.: Auxetic materials for bioprostheses. IEEE Signal Process. Mag. 128, 125 (2008).Google Scholar
Thill, C., Etches, J., Bond, I., Potter, K., and Weaver, P.: Morphing skins. Aeronaut. J. 112, 117 (2008).Google Scholar
Prawoto, Y.: Seeing auxetic materials from the mechanics point of view: A structural review on the negative Poisson’s ratio. Comput. Mater. Sci. 58, 140 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, J.R., Burns, M.K., James, E., Sloan, M.R., and Evans, K.E.: On the design and characterisation of low-stiffness auxetic yarns and fabrics. Text. Res. J. 82, 645 (2012).Google Scholar
Silva, T.A.A., Panzera, T.H., Brandão, L.C., Lauro, C.H., Boba, K., and Scarpa, F.: Preliminary investigations on auxetic structures based on recycled rubber. Phys. Status Solidi B 249, 1353 (2012).Google Scholar
Pichandi, S., Rana, S., Oliveira, D., Fangueiro, R., and Xavier, J.: Development of novel auxetiic structures based on braided composites. Mater. Des. 61, 286 (2014).Google Scholar
Miller, W., Hook, P., Smith, C., Wanga, X., and Evans, K.: The manufacture and characterisation of a novel, low modulus, negative Poisson’s ratio composite. Compos. Sci. Technol. 69, 651 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, W., Ren, Z., Smith, C., and Evans, K.: A negative Poisson’s ratio carbon fibre composite using a negative Poisson’s ratio yarn reinforcement. Compos. Sci. Technol. 72, 761 (2012).Google Scholar
Bhattacharya, S., Zhang, G.H., Ghita, O., and Evans, K.E.: The variation in Poisson’s ratio caused by interactions between core and wrap in helical composite auxetic yarns. Compos. Sci. Technol. 102, 87 (2014).Google Scholar
Zhang, G.H., Ghita, O., and Evans, K.E.: The fabrication and mechanical properties of a novel 3-component auxetic structure for composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 117, 257 (2015).Google Scholar
ISO 2060. Determination of linear density (mass per unit length) by the skein method, 1994.Google Scholar
ISO 2062. Determination of single-end breaking force and elongation at break using constant rate of extension (CRE) tester, 2009.Google Scholar
ASTM Int. D7269/d7269M-11. Standard Test Methods for Tensile Testing of Aramid Yarns, 2011.Google Scholar
ASTM Int.-D 3217-01a. Standard Test Methods for Breaking Tenacity of Manufactured Textile Fibers in Loop or Knot Configurations, 2001.Google Scholar
Araújo, M., Fangueiro, R., and Hong, H.: Modelling and simulation of the mechanical behaviour of weft-knitted fabrics for technical applications—Part IV: 3D FEA model with a mesh of tetrahedric elements. Autex Res. J. 4, 2 (2004).Google Scholar
ISO 527-5. Plastics—Determination of tesile properties—Part 5: Test conditions for unidirectional fibre-reinforced plastic composites, 1997.Google Scholar
Hu, H., Wang, Z., and Liu, S.: Development of auxetic fabrics using flat knitting technology. Text. Res. J. 81, 1493 (2011).Google Scholar
Alderson, K., Alderson, A., Anand, S., Simkins, V., Nazare, S., and Ravirala, N.: Auxetic warp knit textile structures. Phys. Status Solidi B 249, 1322 (2012).Google Scholar
Steffens, F., Rana, S., and Fangueiro, R.: Development of novel auxetic textile structures using high performance fibres. Mater. Des. 106, 81–89 (2016).Google Scholar
Lau, K.W. and Dias, T.: Knittability of high-modulus yarns. J. Text. Inst. 85, 173 (1994).Google Scholar