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Effects of inertia and turbulence on rheological measurements of neutrally buoyant suspensions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2016

Esperanza Linares-Guerrero ,
Melany L. Hunt  and
Roberto Zenit
Esperanza Linares-Guerrero
Affiliation:
Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Melany L. Hunt*
Affiliation:
Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
Roberto Zenit
Affiliation:
Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-360, México D.F. 04510, México
*
†Email address for correspondence: hunt@caltech.edu
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Abstract

For low-Reynolds-number shear flows of neutrally buoyant suspensions, the shear stress is often modelled using an effective viscosity that depends only on the solid fraction. As the Reynolds number ($Re$) is increased and inertia becomes important, the effective viscosity also depends on the Reynolds number itself. The current experiments measure the torque for flows of neutrally buoyant particles in a coaxial-cylinder rheometer for solid fractions, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D719}$, from 10 % to 50 % and Reynolds numbers based on particle diameter from 2 to 1000. For experiments for Reynolds of $O(10)$ and solid fractions less than $30\,\%$, the effective viscosity increases with Reynolds number, in good agreement with recent numerical simulations found in the literature. At higher solid fractions over the same range of $Re$, the results show a decrease in torque with shear rate. For Reynolds numbers greater than 100 and lower solids concentrations, the effective viscosity continues to increase with Reynolds number. However, based on comparisons with pure fluid measurements the increase in the measured effective viscosity results from the transition to turbulence. The particles augment the turbulence by increasing the magnitude of the measured torques and causing the flow to transition at lower Reynolds numbers. For the highest solid fractions, the measurements show a significant increase in the magnitude of the torques, but the effective viscosity is independent of Reynolds number.

JFM classification

Complex Fluids: Suspensions Instability: Transition to turbulence
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 811 , 25 January 2017 , pp. 525 - 543
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Copyright
© 2016 Cambridge University Press 

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