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Studies on the bioavailability of the provitamin A carotenoid, β-carotene, using human exfoliated colonic epithelial cells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

T. Gireesh ,
P. P. Nair  and
P. R. Sudhakaran
T. Gireesh
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, India695 581
P. P. Nair
Affiliation:
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
P. R. Sudhakaran*
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Trivandrum, India695 581
*
*Corresponding author: fax +91 471 2307158, email prsbn@md4.vsnl.net.in
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Abstract

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The possibility of using exfoliated colonic epithelial cells for assessing the bioavailability of β-carotene was examined. Analysis of exfoliated colonic epithelial cells showed the presence of β-carotene and vitamin A. The β-carotene content was significantly lower in cells from stool samples of subjects on a β-carotene-poor diet than those receiving a single dose of a β-carotene supplement. Colonic epithelial cells isolated from stool samples collected daily during a wash-out period while the subjects were on a β-carotene-poor diet showed a steady decrease in β-carotene content, reaching the lowest value on day 7. Kinetic analysis showed that a single dose of a β-carotene supplement in the form of spirulina (Spirulina platensis) or agathi (Sesbania grandiflora) after the wash-out period caused an increase in the β-carotene content after a lag period of 5–7 d, but the vitamin A levels during these periods were not significantly affected. Analysis of plasma β-carotene concentration also showed similar changes, which correlated with those of exfoliated colonic cells. A relationship between the β-carotene content of the diet and that of the colonic epithelial cells suggests that analysis of the β-carotene content in exfoliated human colonic epithelial cells is a useful non-invasive method to assess the bioavailability of provitamin A β-carotene.

Keywords

BioavailabilityVitamin Aβ-CaroteneColonic epithelial cells
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 92 , Issue 2 , August 2004 , pp. 241 - 245
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

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