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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 January 2015
During the seventeenth campaign of the Ras Shamra excavations (1953), we uncovered on the east side of the palace a block of private houses between two streets running parallel in an east-west direction. In one of the buildings (which is still not completely excavated) we found several bronze objects buried in a corner of the inner court in the middle of which were two troughs. Stratigraphically the building is assigned to the latest layer of Level I which dates from the 13th century B.C. Amongst the ceramic remains found is a female Mycenaean idol of poor workmanship and a bowl with wishbone-handle of Cypriot type, also plainly of late date.
1 For these discoveries see my Ugaritica III, in the press. The same volume contains an account of two other bronze swords from Ugarit.
2 It may be compared with that illustrated in Ugaritica II, fig. 121 (18).
3 For evidence of this see the Middle and New Empire Egyptian steles found at Ugarit Ugaritica I, pp. 20, 39.
4 See C.R.A.I. 1955, séance du 11 fevrier.
5 Whose reign is dated 1234-24 by Drioton and Vandier, and 1224-1204 by Rowton.
6 Compare for the last J. von Beckerath, ‘Tanis und Theban’, in Aegyptische Forschungen, Heft 16, 1951, 56.
7 See Hamit Z. Kosay, Alaca Höyük Hafriyati, Ankara, 1938, 106 ; Les Fouilles d’Alaca Höyük, Ankara, 1951, plates 183 (1), 203 (middle); and also Schaeffer, Stratigraphie Comparée, pp. 289 ff.
8 Déchelette, Manuel d’Archéologie 11, 200.
9 Compare for this Ebert, Reallexikon, IV, s.v. Griffangelschwert, Griffzungenschwert, and XI, s.v. Schwert. See too the criticism of E. Sprockhoff, Die Gertnanischen Griffzungenschwerter, 1931, and my remarks in Enkomi-Alasia, pp. 337 ff.
10 By reason of the proximity of the Cypriot copper-mines, the bronze industry and the manufacture of weapons was specially developed at Ugarit, see Ugaritica III.
11 E. Drioton and J. Vandier, L’Egypte, 3rd ed., 1952, 430 : J. von Beckerath, op. cit., 66.
12 For the Karnak stele and the complementary inscriptions see Drioton and Vandier, op. cit., 430 ; von Beckerath, op. cit., 66 : and more especially J. H. Breasted, Ancient Records of Egypt, III, 238 ff.
13 W. Wolf, Die Bewaffnung des Altägyptischen Heeres, Leipzig, 1926, plate XV (e) and Ebert, Reallexikon, XI, plate 144 (e).
14 See for the last expression of this view J. von Beckerath, op. cit., 258.
15 Notably J. Breasted, op. cit., p. 258. The same opinion is guardedly expressed by Drioton and Vandier, loc. cit., p. 431.
16 See my provisional report of the Ugarit fortifications in Syria, 1939, pp. 289 ff.
17 W. Wolf, op. cit., p. 73, plate 15 : Ebert, Reallexikon, XI, s.v. Schwert, p. 439, plate 144.
18 Déchelette, op. cit., series C, type 1, p. 208.
19 J. Naue, Vorrömische Schwerter, type 11 : E. Sprockhoff, op. cit.
20 See Enkomi-Alasia, p. 337 ff. ; Stratigraphie Comparée I, 418, fig. 222.
21 Op. cit. II, 106, 200 ff.
22 To be published shortly in Ugaritica III.
23 Déchelette, op. cit., p. 202.
