Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-dnltx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T16:48:24.500Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Amino acid composition of TopCross high-oil maize grain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2007

P. R. Thomison ,
D. J. Barker ,
A. B. Geyer ,
L. D. Lotz ,
H. J. Siegrist  and
T. L. Dobbels
P. R. Thomison*
Affiliation:
Horticulture and Crop Science Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
D. J. Barker
Affiliation:
Horticulture and Crop Science Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
A. B. Geyer
Affiliation:
Horticulture and Crop Science Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
L. D. Lotz
Affiliation:
Horticulture and Crop Science Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
H. J. Siegrist
Affiliation:
Horticulture and Crop Science Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
T. L. Dobbels
Affiliation:
Horticulture and Crop Science Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: thomison.1@osu.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Increased amino acid content in high-oil maize (Zea mays L.) grain may add further value to its use in livestock rations, especially if this enhanced amino acid content is consistent across varying growing conditions. Most high-oil maize (HOM) grown in the USA utilizes the TopCross system which involves planting a blend (TC Blend) of two types of maize. Field experiments and on-farm studies were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to compare the amino acid profile of grain from HOM TC Blends with that of their normal-oil maize (NOM) counterparts across a range of production environments in Ohio. In 1997, the composition of four amino acids (lysine, methionine, glycine and arginine) was significantly higher in HOM compared to NOM grain. In 1998, nine amino acids (lysine, methionine, glycine, arginine, asparagine, threonine, serine, cysteine and tryptophan) were greater in HOM than in NOM grain. Lysine and methionine content in HOM grain averaged 12 and 13% higher than in NOM grain in both years. The number of amino acids significantly affected by the grain parent was greater than that for maize type each year. A significant maize type × grain parent interaction for a limited number of amino acids suggest that TC Blend grain parents may affect the consistency of amino acid composition in HOM grain. Results of this study demonstrate that the levels of several amino acids, including economically important lysine and methionine, were consistently greater in HOM than in NOM grain across a range of production environments. Modelling with livestock ration balancing software showed that the additional amino acids and oil in HOM added 12–20% to its value as livestock feed.

Keywords

amino acidhigh-oil maizelivestock feedmaizeTopCross system
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 1 , Issue 2-3 , August 2003 , pp. 89 - 95
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anonymous (1999) OPTIMUM® Value Calculator for Pigs (Excel spreadsheet). Des Moines, IA: Optimum Quality Grains Ltd.Google Scholar
Brown, MH, Hahn, DE and Larson, DW (2000) Impacts of technology on competitiveness: the case of high oil corn. In: Forster, L (ed.) Ohio's Challenge, Vol. 12. Columbus: Ohio State University, pp. 28–34.Google Scholar
Butzen, S and Cummings, M (1999) Corn grain protein—understanding the nutritional profile of corn grain and the effects of management and growing conditions on nutritional quality. In: Crop Insights, Vol. 9. Johnson, IA: Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'l. Inc., pp. 1–5.Google Scholar
Clark, JE, Beede, DK, Erdman, RA, Goff, JP, Grummer, RR, Linn, JG, Pell, AN, Schwab, CG, Tomkins, T, Varga, GA and Weiss, WP (2001) The Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 7th edn. National Research Council publication. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.Google Scholar
Cromwell, GL (2000) An animal nutritionalist's view. In: Murphy, CF and Peterson, DM (eds) Designing Crops for Added Value. Madison, WI: ASA, CSSA and SSSA, pp. 57–82.Google Scholar
Edge, M (1997) Seed management issues for ‘TopCross High Oil Corn’. In: Cortes, JE (ed.) Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Seed Technology Conference, Vol. 19. Ames: Seed Science Center, Iowa State University, pp. 49–55.Google Scholar
Engelke, GL (1997) Advances in corn hybrids bring change. Feedstuffs 69: 29–36.Google Scholar
Gaspar, PE (2000) Agronomic management of TC Blend seed corn. Crop Insights, Vol. 10. Johnston, IA: Pioneer Hi-Bred Int'l. Inc., pp. 1–5.Google Scholar
Lambert, RJ (2001) High-oil hybrids. In: Hallauer, AR (ed.) Specialty Corns. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 131–154.Google Scholar
Lambert, RJ, Alexander, DE and Han, ZJ (1998) A high oil pollinator enhancement of kernel oil and effects on grain yields of maize hybrids. Agronomy Journal 90: 211–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nissen, O (1988) MSTAT—Design, Management, and Statistical Research Tool for the Microcomputer. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University.Google Scholar
Parsons, CM, Zhang, YE and Araba, M (1998) Availability of amino acids in high oil corn. Poultry Science 77: 1016–1019.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ritchie, SW, Hanway, JJ and Benson, GO (1989) How a Corn Plant Develops. Iowa State Cooperative Extension Service Special Report 48. Ames: Iowa State University.Google Scholar
Satterlee, LD, Kendrick, JG, Marshall, HF, Jewell, DK, Ali, RA, Heckman, MM, Steinke, HF, Larson, P, Phillips, RD, Sarwar, G and Slump, P (1982) In vitro assay for predicting protein efficiency ratio as measured by rat bioassay: collaborative study. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 65: 798–809.Google ScholarPubMed
Strachan, SD and Kaplan, SL (2001) Responses of high-oil corn to rootworm beetles during pollination. Agronomy Journal 93: 1043–1048.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomison, PR and Geyer, AB (1999) Evaluation of TC-Blend® used in high oil maize production. Plant Varieties and Seeds 12: 99–112.Google Scholar
Thomison, PR, Geyer, AB, Dobbels, T and Siegrist, H (2000) Grain Quality Attributes of TopCross High Oil Corn, High Lysine, Waxy, and Conventional Dent Corns. Ohio State University Extension Fact Sheet AGF-143-00. Columbus: Ohio State University.Google Scholar
Thomison, PR, Geyer, AB, Lotz, LD, Siegrist, HJ and Dobbels, TL (2002) TopCross high oil corn production: agronomic performance. Agronomy Journal 94: 290–299.Google Scholar
Thomison, PR, Geyer, AB, Lotz, LD, Siegrist, HJ and Dobbels, TL (2003) TopCross high oil corn production: select grain quality attributes. Agronomy Journal 95: 147–154.Google Scholar
US Grains Council (2002) 2001–2002 Value-enhanced Grain Quality Report. Washington, DC: US Grains Council.Google Scholar