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In vitro and whole-plant magnitude and cross-resistance characterization of two imidazolinone-resistant sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) somatic cell selections

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Terry R. Wright  and
Donald Penner
Terry R. Wright
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1324
Donald Penner*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1324
*
Corresponding author. pennerd@pilot.msu.edu
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Abstract

Acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide carryover in soil can severely affect sugarbeets grown in the year(s) following application. Two newly developed imidazolinone-resistant (IMI-R) sugarbeet somatic cell selections (Sir-13 and 93R30B) were examined for magnitude of resistance and extent of cross-resistance to other classes of ALS inhibitors and compared to a previously developed sulfonylurea-resistant (SU-R) selection, Sur. In vitro shoot culture tests indicated Sir-13 resistance was specific to imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides at approximately a 100-fold resistance compared to the sensitive control sugarbeet. Sur was 10,000-fold resistant to the sulfonylurea (SU) herbicide, chlorsulfuron, and 40-fold resistant to the triazolopyrimidine sulfonanilide (TP) herbicide, flumetsulam, but not cross-resistant to the IMI herbicides. 93R30B was selected for IMI-R from a plant homozygous for the SU-R allele, Sur, and displayed similar in vitro SU-R and TP-R as Sur, but also displayed a very high resistance to various IMI herbicides (400- to 3,600-fold). Compared to the sensitive control, Sir-13 was 300- and > 250-fold more resistant to imazethapyr and imazamox residues in soil, respectively. Response by whole plants to postemergence herbicide applications was similar to that observed in shoot cultures. Sir-13 exhibited > 100-fold resistance to imazethapyr as well as imazamox, and 93R30B showed > 250-fold resistance to both herbicides. 93R30B showed great enough resistance to imazamox to merit consideration of imazamox for use as a herbicide in these sugarbeets. Sir-13 showed a two- to threefold higher level of resistance in the homozygous vs. heterozygous state, indicating that like most ALS-inhibitor resistance traits, it was semidominantly inherited.

Keywords

Chlorsulfuronflumetsulamimazamoximazaquinimazethapyrsulfometuron-methylsugarbeet, Beta vulgaris L. ‘EL-49,’ ‘L03,’ ‘REL-1,’Acetolactate synthaseacetohydroxyacid synthaseSurSir-1393R30Bsulfonylurea resistancetriazolopyrimidine resistancesomatic cell selection
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 46 , Issue 1 , February 1998 , pp. 24 - 29
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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