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Precuneus functioning differentiates first-episode psychosis patients during the fantasy movie Alice in Wonderland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 October 2016

E. Rikandi ,
S. Pamilo ,
T. Mäntylä ,
J. Suvisaari ,
T. Kieseppä ,
R. Hari ,
M. Seppä  and
T. T. Raij
E. Rikandi*
Affiliation:
Mental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
S. Pamilo
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
T. Mäntylä
Affiliation:
Mental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
J. Suvisaari
Affiliation:
Mental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
T. Kieseppä
Affiliation:
Mental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
R. Hari
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland Department of Art, School of Arts, Design and Architecture, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland
M. Seppä
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
T. T. Raij
Affiliation:
Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto NeuroImaging, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
*
*Address for correspondence: E. Rikandi, Mental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. (Email: eva.rikandi@thl.fi)
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Abstract

Background

While group-level functional alterations have been identified in many brain regions of psychotic patients, multivariate machine-learning methods provide a tool to test whether some of such alterations could be used to differentiate an individual patient. Earlier machine-learning studies have focused on data collected from chronic patients during rest or simple tasks. We set out to unravel brain activation patterns during naturalistic stimulation in first-episode psychosis (FEP).

Method

We recorded brain activity from 46 FEP patients and 32 control subjects viewing scenes from the fantasy film Alice in Wonderland. Scenes with varying degrees of fantasy were selected based on the distortion of the ‘sense of reality’ in psychosis. After cleaning the data with a novel maxCorr method, we used machine learning to classify patients and healthy control subjects on the basis of voxel- and time-point patterns.

Results

Most (136/194) of the voxels that best classified the groups were clustered in a bilateral region of the precuneus. Classification accuracies were up to 79.5% (p = 5.69 × 10−8), and correct classification was more likely the higher the patient's positive-symptom score. Precuneus functioning was related to the fantasy content of the movie, and the relationship was stronger in control subjects than patients.

Conclusions

These findings are the first to show abnormalities in precuneus functioning during naturalistic information processing in FEP patients. Correlational findings suggest that these alterations are associated with positive psychotic symptoms and processing of fantasy. The results may provide new insights into the neuronal basis of reality distortion in psychosis.

Keywords

ClassificationfMRImachine learningmovienaturalistic stimuluspsychosis
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 47 , Issue 3 , February 2017 , pp. 495 - 506
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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